Protective Effect of D-Panthenol in Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract

We investigated the nephroprotective effect of D-panthenol in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Adult male Wistar rats were injected with 50% glycerol solution to induce rhabdomyolysis. Animals with rhabdomyolysis were injected with D-panthenol (200 mg/kg) for 7 days. On day 8, we examined AKI markers, renal histology, antioxidant capacity, and protein glutathionylation in kidneys to uncover mechanisms of D-panthenol effects. Rhabdomyolysis kidneys were shown to have pathomorphological alterations (mononuclear infiltration, dilatation of tubules, and hyaline casts in Henle’s loops and collecting ducts). Activities of skeletal muscle damage markers (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) increased, myoglobinuria was observed, and creatinine, BUN, and pantetheinase activity in serum and urine rose. Signs of oxidative stress in the kidney tissue of rhabdomyolysis rats, increased levels of lipid peroxidation products, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were all alleviated by administration of D-panthenol. Its application improved kidney morphology and decreased AKI markers. Mechanisms of D-panthenol’s beneficial effects were associated with an increase in total coenzyme A levels, activity of Krebs cycle enzymes, and attenuation of protein glutathionylation. D-Panthenol protects kidneys from rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI through antioxidant effects, normalization of mitochondrial metabolism, and modulation of glutathione-dependent signaling.

Protective Effect of Silymarin on Attenuating of Rhabdomyolysis -induced Acute Kidney Injury in Animal Models

“…These effects could be due to antioxidant activity of silymarin, which provides a renoprotective effect mediated by preventing oxidative stress, scavenging free radicals and inhibition of fatty acid peroxidation (Dumludag, 2022), which can be proven in our study by decreasing the MDA and increasing GSH levels in the treatment group. This is agreed with other studies documented that antioxidants play an important role in the prevention of AKI-induced by glycerol (Adedapo, 2021;Semenovich, 2022).…”

“…Acute kidney injury occurs in more than 40% of patients with rhabdomyolysis. This clinical problem can be acquired by using glycerol in animal models to search for effective therapies to prevent and recover AKI (Semenovich, 2022).…”

Ultrasmall and highly biocompatible carbon dots derived from natural plant with amelioration against acute kidney injury

“…Oxidative stress takes on a critical significance to the development of AKI. Since myoglobin produced by rhabdomyolysis enters the kidney, considerable ROS is metabolized to produce lipid peroxidation, thus increasing oxidative damage and inducing inflammatory responses [ 61 , 62 ]. MDA and SOD are important indicators of the level of oxidative stress, representing the degree of lipidation of oxygen radicals and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, respectively [ 63 , 64 ].…”

N-Acetylcysteine Improves Renal Function and Reduces Tissue Malondialdehyde Levels in Glycerol-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

“…Lipid peroxidation products are involved in the pathogenesis of glycerol-induced AKI via three mechanisms: 1) propagating lipid peroxidation, which is accelerated by speeding up the rate of ferryl-Mb generation; 2) inducing oxidative injury in the kidney; and 3) producing vasoconstriction (Hebert et al, 2023). An inhibitor of lipid peroxidation has been proven to confer a protective effect against rhabdomyolysisinduced AKI (Semenovich et al, 2022). As an antioxidant, NAC may decrease lipid peroxidation by products like F2-isoprostane, a powerful vasoconstrictor.…”