Protective effect of chromium(III) on acute lethal toxicity of carbon tetrachloride in rats and mice

Tezuka, Masakatsu; Momiyama, Keiko; Edano, Toshiyuki; Okada, Shoji

doi:10.1016/0162-0134(91)80026-e

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…No ESR signals were observed when the livers of rats given only PBN ip were homogenized in 2:l chloroform/methanol to which CC4 had been added, indicating that the PBN/*CCl3 radical adduct was not a product of ex vivo metabolism ( Figure 5E). Similar results to those in Figure 5 were obtained when the administered PBN spin trap was decreased 10-fold to 7 mg/kg (data not shown) or when the CCl4 and PBN were administered ip in olive oil ( Figure 6) Discussion Previous studies have reported protective effects by various doses of Zn(I1) and Cr(II1) against CC4-induced hepatic injury in rats and mice (10,11,14). Because of the protective effect of Zn(I1) against CC14 hepatotoxicity, a role for MT in scavenging CCl4-derived free radical metabolites generated in vivo had been postulated.…”

Section: Effect Of Zn(i1) and Cr(ii1) Treatment On Ccldsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…intragastric dose of carbon tetrachloride (14). This latter report was based on results where 4 out of 10 of the Cr(II1)-treated rats survived 2 weeks after carbon tetrachloride administration, whereas none survived in any of the other metal-treated or control groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative protective mechanism of MT may be its ability to release Zn(I1) for binding at sites on membrane surfaces, displacing adventitious iron and thereby inhibiting lipid peroxidation (20). In one report, however, it is unclear why Zn(I1) pretreatment had little protective effect against a lethal dose of CCb compared to Cr(II1) pretreatment (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of metallothionein in zinc(II) and chromium(III) mediated tolerance to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: Evidence against a trichloromethyl radical-scavenging mechanism

Hanna

Kadiiska²,

Jordan³

et al. 1993

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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The .CCl3 radical generated during the metabolism of CCl4 is readily spin trapped in vivo and in vitro by phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) to form the stable PBN/.CCl3 radical adduct, which can then be extracted into organic solvents and detected by ESR spectroscopy. We have used this technique to examine the proposed protective roles of Zn(II), Cr(III), and metallothionein (MT) against carbon tetrachloride toxicity in vivo. Hepatic MT, which is induced by Zn(II), has been proposed to protect against CCl4-induced cellular damage by scavenging the free radical metabolites formed. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly suppressed in male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with a single dose of 5 mg/kg Zn(II) or Cr(III) according to standard serum assays for liver-specific enzymes, and hepatic MT was elevated after pretreatment with either Zn(II) or Cr(III). In vitro, no difference was detected in either the amount of CCl4-derived free radical metabolites formed or the rate at which they were formed by microsomes from rats pretreated 24 h in advance with 5 mg/kg Zn(II) or Cr(III). Extraction of rat liver with 2:1 chloroform/methanol 1 h after the administration of a 0.8 mL/kg intraperitoneal or intragastric dose of CCl4 also revealed no difference in the amount of trichloromethyl radical spin trapped in vivo following pretreatment with either Zn(II) or Cr(III). These results suggest that pretreatment with either Zn(II) or Cr(III) does not affect CCl4 metabolism nor does the MT significantly scavenge the trichloromethyl free radical metabolite.

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Section: Effect Of Zn(i1) and Cr(ii1) Treatment On Ccldsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of metallothionein in zinc(II) and chromium(III) mediated tolerance to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: Evidence against a trichloromethyl radical-scavenging mechanism

Hanna

Kadiiska²,

Jordan³

et al. 1993

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…Cr 6+ is more readily absorbed than Cr 3+ , but its toxicity is higher. In nature, chromium exists mostly in the Cr 3+ form; it was observed to have antioxidant properties in vivo (Tezeuka et al 1991) as well as to be an integral part of activating enzymes and maintaining the stability of proteins and nucleic acids (Borel and Anderson 1984;Anderson 1994). The primary role of Cr in metabolism is to potentiate the action of insulin through its presence in an organometallic molecule, called the glucose tolerance factor (GTF) (Anderson 1987;Sahin et al 2001;Pechová et al 2002;Sahin et al 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Chicken Broiler Growth and Carcass Characteristics

Króliczewska¹,

Zawadzki²,

Skiba³

et al. 2005

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…These results were not in accordance with a study [48] reporting a deleterious effect of Cr(III) but this toxic effect was observed during bioremediation of chromium through the reduction of hexavalent Cr and not with trivalent Cr individually. Another study [49] reported a toxic effect of Cr as chromium chloride (CrCl 3 ) evaluated by a downregulation of expression in several glutathione S-transferases in liver, whereas others results on hepatocytes reported antioxidant effects of CrCl 3 [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium III Histidinate Exposure Modulates Gene Expression in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes Exposed to Oxidative Stress

Hazane-Puch

Benaraba

Valenti

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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While the toxicity of hexavalent chromium is well established, trivalent chromium is an essential nutrient involved in insulin and glucose homeostasis. To study the antioxidant effects of Cr(III)His, cDNA arrays were used to investigate the modulation of gene expression by trivalent chromium histidinate (Cr(III)His) in HaCaT human keratinocytes submitted to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Array was composed by a set of 81 expressed sequences tags (ESTs) essentially represented by antioxidant and DNA repair genes. HaCaT were preincubated for 24 h with 50 microM Cr(III)His and were treated with 50 muM H2O2. Total RNAs were isolated immediately or 6 h after the stress. In Cr(III)His preincubated cells, transcripts related to antioxidant family were upregulated (glutathione synthetase, heme oxygenase 2, peroxiredoxin 4). In Cr(III)His preincubated cells and exposed to H2O2, increased expressions of polymerase delta 2 and antioxidant transcripts were observed. Biochemical methods performed in parallel to measure oxidative stress in cells showed that Cr(III)His supplementation before H2O2 stress protected HaCaT from thiol groups decrease and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increase. In summary, these results give evidence of antioxidant gene expression and antioxidant protection in HaCaT preincubated with Cr(III)His and help to explain the lack of toxicity reported for Cr(III)His.

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Protective effect of chromium(III) on acute lethal toxicity of carbon tetrachloride in rats and mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Role of metallothionein in zinc(II) and chromium(III) mediated tolerance to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: Evidence against a trichloromethyl radical-scavenging mechanism

Role of metallothionein in zinc(II) and chromium(III) mediated tolerance to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: Evidence against a trichloromethyl radical-scavenging mechanism

Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Chicken Broiler Growth and Carcass Characteristics

Chromium III Histidinate Exposure Modulates Gene Expression in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes Exposed to Oxidative Stress

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