In several animal experiments, high doses of antithrombin 111 concentrates have shown beneficial effects on mortality and reversal of coagulation abnormalities which had resulted from disseminated intravascular coagulation. Other experiments have suggested that antithrombin 111 infusion without heparin is effective in the treatment of organ failure. We clinically treated children suffering disseminated intravascular coagulation only with antithrombin concentrate. Four patients suffering disseminated intravascular coagulation with organ failure were selected. We started antithrombin 111 concentrate infusion as soon as the diagnosis was established. The dosage of antithrombin 111 was 120-250 unitdkgl day for 2 or 3 days. Heparin was not used. All 4 patients recovered completely and quickly without any complications within 14 days. We suggest that the high-dose antithrombin 111 infusion without heparin is an effective and safe therapy for disseminated intravascular coagulation with organ failure.