Protective clothing for pesticide operators: part I – selection of a reference test chemical for penetration testing

Shaw, Anugrah; Schiffelbein, Paul

doi:10.1080/10803548.2015.1071926

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is likely that fabric construction and fabric weight were major factors affecting pesticide penetration through the garments. Our results are in agreement with a study by Shaw and Schiffelbein [19], which found that fabric weight and repellent finish were the significant factors affecting pesticide penetration. Previous studies also stated that other characteristics of fabrics such as thickness, yarn twist factor, cover factor, critical surface tension, and solid volume fraction, were significant parameters [18,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Development of Personal Protective Clothing for Reducing Exposure to Insecticides in Pesticide Applicators

Naksata

Watcharapasorn

Hongsibsong

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Wearing appropriate personal protective equipment during the application of pesticides is one method of reducing dermal exposure to pesticides. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop personal protective clothing (PPC) coated with gum rosin and investigate the efficiency of its level of protection against chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin. Comparison of the protection efficiency of each PPC with Tychem® C coveralls was also investigated. Five commercially available cotton fabrics were chosen for tailoring the PPC, and then, the PPC was coated with a gum rosin finish to provide water repellence. The efficiency of the level of protection of the gum rosin-coated PPC against insecticides was tested in a laboratory (closed chamber). The remarkable findings were that the % protection efficiencies for all the PPC, with the exception of one, were not significantly different to those for Tychem® C coveralls. The protection efficiencies ranged from 99.85% to 99.97% against chlorpyrifos and 99.11% to 99.89% against cypermethrin. Therefore, our results suggest that gum rosin-coated clothing provided satisfactory levels of protection against insecticides and could be considered as suitable protective clothing for pesticide applicators. Choice of an appropriate fabric for coating with gum rosin also needs to be considered. A further study in field conditions is warranted to confirm the protection efficiency in a working environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Most agricultural workers wore work clothing made of woven fabric when working on farms, resulting in the easy penetration of pesticides through to the skin [1,17]. Pesticide penetration through woven fabric depends on type of pesticide, fabric thickness, fabric weight, yarn twist, and fabric composition [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Personal Protective Clothing for Reducing Exposure to Insecticides in Pesticide Applicators

Naksata

Watcharapasorn

Hongsibsong

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…Another possibility is that fabric C1-R had the most weight when compared with other fabrics. Fabric weight had an effect on penetration level of pesticides through fabrics (Shaw & Schiffelbein, 2016b). Therefore, it can be concluded that fabric C1-R is the one most likely be suitable for conferring protection against all these pesticides during spraying and other associated handling activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…They also found that a thickness of fabric above 0.8 mm has the highest level of effectiveness in providing protection against pesticides. In addition, a study by Shaw and Schiffelbein (2016b) also stated that fabric weight and repellent finish affected percentage penetration more than test chemicals. Our results therefore suggest that the fabrics made of 100% cotton and have greater weight serve as the first choice for protective clothing when spraying pesticides and related tasks on the farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to protect agricultural workers from exposure to pesticides: Effectiveness of woven and natural resin-coated fabrics

et al. 2021

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Agricultural workers in low and middle-income countries usually wear their everyday clothing made of woven fabrics during pesticide application. Different characteristics of various woven fabrics have different abilities to prevent the penetration of pesticides through to the skin. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this study is that agricultural workers in Thailand can choose a suitable fabric of protective clothing to protect themselves from pesticide exposure. This study aims to investigate pesticide penetration levels in different woven fabrics, and to explore factors affecting levels of pesticide penetration through fabrics. In addition, our study aims to produce cotton fabrics coated with a natural resin to obtain water-repellent characteristics and evaluate their effectiveness in protecting against pesticides. Four pesticides used in the testing process were chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, paraquat, and glyphosate. The results found that a suitable fabric to protect agricultural workers from pesticide exposure is a fabric which made of 100% cotton and have greater weight. With regard to natural resin-coated fabrics, fabric C1-R showed the highest levels of effectiveness in protecting against the pesticides (range between 89%-95%). The natural resin-coated fabric is an alternative fabric in the protection against pesticides for agricultural workers in low and middle-income countries when commercial PPE are prohibitively expensive.

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“…However, PPE such as protective clothing can lose its efficiency of use after pesticide sprays and multiple washes [5]. Some studies demonstrated that the pesticide formulation at different concentrations could affect the protection of the protective clothing [20].…”

Section: Machines and Laborers Used In Cutting Rubber Plantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Knowledge and Attitude of Using Personal Protective Equipment among Rubber Farmers in Southern Thailand

Kittijaruwattana

Lee

Chotikhun

2022

FWIAFE

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The objects of this study were to assess the knowledge and attitude toward using personal protective equipment (PPE) among 307 farmers who own rubber wood plantation in Southern Thailand. The data were collected by using questionnaires and then the descriptive statistics were analyzed using the SPSS program. The results showed that 187 farmers were male (60.9%) and 105 farmers (34.2%) were 41-50 years old. 120 farmers (36.5%) graduated from primary education. More than half of the farmers have an average monthly income lower than 500 U.S. dollars and 148 farmers (48.2%) handle rubber wood plantation of 1.61-3.20 hectares. The results concerning the farmers’ knowledge of PPE demonstrated that 222 farmers (73.31%, x ̅ = 86.05, S.D. = 15.13, P≤0.01) had a good level and most farmers know that long-sleeved shirts, pants, and wing caps can protect the body from scratches and exposure to sunlight. Indeed, 220 farmers (71.66%) showed a moderate attitude level of PPE use and farmers agreed that they do not need to cover their mouths and noses while fertilizing or spraying pesticides due to using a small amount of chemicals. However, the overall attitudes of the participants in using PPE is concerned with the fact that it can protect users from accidents, animals, mosquitoes, and insects. These results should enable the development of a PPE handbook for rubber farmers who need to serve their plantation following the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).

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Protective clothing for pesticide operators: part I – selection of a reference test chemical for penetration testing

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Development of Personal Protective Clothing for Reducing Exposure to Insecticides in Pesticide Applicators

Development of Personal Protective Clothing for Reducing Exposure to Insecticides in Pesticide Applicators

How to protect agricultural workers from exposure to pesticides: Effectiveness of woven and natural resin-coated fabrics

Evaluation of the Knowledge and Attitude of Using Personal Protective Equipment among Rubber Farmers in Southern Thailand

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