Protective CD8+ T cell responses against the pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria parasites: an overview

Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli; Daniel-Ribeiro, C. T.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762001000200014

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Protective immunity, limiting circulating parasite load and preventing severe disease, may develop after several exposures to infection. This immunity is mediated not only by Abs (1), but also by cellular effector mechanisms, including the CD4 and CD8 subsets of ␣␤ T cells (2)(3)(4)(5)(6), ␥␦ T cells (7,8), NKT cells (9 -11), dendritic cells (12), macrophages (13), and NK cells (14,15). Most studies of protective immune responses during malaria have focused on the adaptive immune responses induced by immunization with irradiated sporozoites (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

NK Cell Responses toPlasmodiumInfection and Control of Intrahepatic Parasite Development

Roland

Soulard

Sellier

et al. 2006

The Journal of Immunology

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Various components of innate and adaptive immunity contribute to host defenses against Plasmodium infection. We investigated the contribution of NK cells to the immune response to primary infection with Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites in C57BL/6 mice. We found that hepatic and splenic NK cells were activated during infection and displayed different phenotypic and functional properties. The number of hepatic NK cells increased whereas the number of splenic NK cells decreased. Expression of the Ly49 repertoire was modified in the spleen but not in the liver. Splenic and hepatic NK cells have a different inflammatory cytokines profile production. In addition, liver NK cells were cytotoxic to YAC-1 cells and P. yoelii liver stages in vitro but not to erythrocytic stages. No such activity was observed with splenic NK cells from infected mice. These in vitro results were confirmed by the in vivo observation that Rag2−/− mice were more resistant to sporozoite infection than Rag2−/− γ c−/− mice, whereas survival rates were similar for the two strains following blood-stage infection. Thus, NK cells are involved in early immune mechanisms controlling Plasmodium infection, mostly at the pre-erythrocytic stage.

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confidence: 99%

NK Cell Responses toPlasmodiumInfection and Control of Intrahepatic Parasite Development

Roland

Soulard

Sellier

et al. 2006

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Nevertheless, several lines of evidence indicate that a malaria vaccine is feasible: (i) in individuals living in malaria endemic areas the density of blood stage parasites decreases with age and number of infections [1,2], (ii) passive transfer of immunoglobulin purified from the blood of adults living in endemic areas reduces parasitaemia levels [3], (iii) protective immunity can be induced in animal model of malaria [4][5][6][7][8], (iv) immunization of humans with γ-irradiated sporozoites confers sterile protective immunity [9,10] and (v) partial protection has been observed upon immuniza-…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimized Malaria-antigens delivered by immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes

Westerfeld

Pluschke

Zurbriggen

2006

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Malaria remains a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in millions of individuals each year. The development of widespread resistance of the parasite to drugs as well as resistance of the transmitting mosquito-vector to insecticides in combination with the poor economic situation of many malaria-endemic countries make the development of an effective and inexpensive treatment and prevention a main focus of research. Vaccines remain to be one of the most cost effective and feasible means of disease control and have remarkable success in the control of many infectious disease: eradication of small pox, virtual eradication of polio and the reduction of measles and diphtheria. Next generation vaccines should focus on specific antigens rather than whole inactivated or attenuated pathogens, since the requirements by regulatory authorities concerning safety are becoming more stringent over time. But sub-unit and in particular peptide-based vaccines are poorly immunogenic themselves, and alum represents only a sub-optimal adjuvant for recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides. This emphasizes the need for suitable carrier- and adjuvant systems promoting protective immune responses by delivering protein and peptide antigens in an appropriate conformation. Here, we review the development of a new approach combining peptide-based malaria vaccine candidate antigens with an immune stimulatory carrier-system based on influenza virosomes focusing on the induction of protective antibodies.

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Viral peptide immunogens: current challenges and opportunities

Azizi

Díaz‐Mitoma

2007

Journal of Peptide Science

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Synthetic peptide vaccines have potential to control viral infections. Successful experimental models using this approach include the protection of mice against the lethal Sendai virus infection by MHC class I binding CTL peptide epitope. The main benefit of vaccination with peptide epitopes is the ability to minimize the amount and complexity of a well-defined antigen. An appropriate peptide immunogen would also decrease the chance of stimulating a response against self-antigens, thereby providing a safer vaccine by avoiding autoimmunity. In general, the peptide vaccine strategy needs to dissect the specificity of antigen processing, the presence of B-and T-cell epitopes and the MHC restriction of the T-cell responses. This article briefly reviews the implications in the design of peptide vaccines and discusses the various approaches that are applied to improve their immunogenicity.

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Protective CD8+ T cell responses against the pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria parasites: an overview

Abstract: CD8+ T cells have been implicated as critical effector cells in protection against

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

NK Cell Responses toPlasmodiumInfection and Control of Intrahepatic Parasite Development

NK Cell Responses toPlasmodiumInfection and Control of Intrahepatic Parasite Development

Optimized Malaria-antigens delivered by immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes

Viral peptide immunogens: current challenges and opportunities

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