Protective antibody titer for patients vaccinated against tickborne encephalitis virus

Леонова, Г Н; Павленко, Е. В.; Maistrovskaya, O S; Чаусов, Е. В.

doi:10.1016/j.provac.2011.07.012

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…With regard to the SCRs/SPRs against TBEV-FE, the protection given by the Western vaccines against almost all the strains tested may be judged adequate. In 2 Japanese papers, 43,44 all subjects had NT titers of 1:20 or higher against 5 heterologous isolates; an NT titer of 20 was later shown to be the lower threshold of protective IgG activity 59 . The only exception concerns TBEV-FE strain P-69, for which only one third of vaccinees were seropositive after 3 doses of Encepur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity against Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus elicited by the currently available vaccines based on the European subtype: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Domnich

Panatto

Arbuzova

et al. 2014

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus, which is usually divided into European, Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes, is a serious public health problem in several European and Asian countries. Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent TBE; cross-subtype protection elicited by the TBE vaccines is biologically plausible since all TBE virus subtypes are closely related. This manuscript systematically explores available data on the cross-subtype immunogenicity elicited by the currently available Western vaccines based on the European subtype. Completed immunization course of 3 doses of both Western vaccines determined very high seroconversion/seropositivity rates against both Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes among previously flavivirus-naïve subjects. All but one study found no statistically significant difference in titers of neutralizing antibodies against strains belonging to homologous and heterologous subtypes. Pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials on head-to-head comparison of immunogenicity of Western and Russian TBE vaccines did not reveal differences in seroconversion rates against Far Eastern isolates in either hemagglutination inhibition (risk ratio = 0.98, p = 0.83) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent (risk ratio = 0.95, p = 0.44) assays after 2 vaccine doses. This suggests that, in regions where a heterogeneous TBE virus population circulates, vaccines based on the European subtype may be used alongside vaccines based on the Far Eastern subtype. Studies on the field effectiveness of TBE vaccines and investigation of vaccination failures, especially in countries where different subtypes co-circulate, will further elucidate TBE vaccination-induced cross-subtype protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity against Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus elicited by the currently available vaccines based on the European subtype: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Domnich

Panatto

Arbuzova

et al. 2014

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Чтобы принять правильное решение о сроках ревакцинации, первоначально можно рекомендовать исследование крови на напряженность иммунитета к вирусу КЭ. Исходя из данных, полученных ранее [6,22], а также данных настоящего исследования, мы пришли к выводу о том, что быстрая элиминация вируса (спустя 1-2 суток) может происходить у вакцинированных лиц с антителами в титрах 1:400 и более. Лицам с антителами в сыворотке крови в титрах 1:100 и 1:200, видимо, следует предлагать обязательное проведение ревакцинации.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…тивность профилактических вакцин против какой-либо инфекции оценивается по уровню иммунологических показателей, обеспечивающих защитное действие [1]. Представление о защитном титре антител у лиц, вакцинированных против КЭ, в литературных источниках встречается нечасто [22], и до настоящего времени является предметом дискуссии [10,14]. Впервые титр гемагглютинирующих антител 1:10 к вирусу КЭ был определен как защитный в 1980 г., австрийскими исследователями [19].…”

Section: рисунок 4 динамика проявления инфекционных свойств не нейтрunclassified

“…В то же время у некоторых людей после курса первичной вакцинации могут вырабатываться антитела с высокими титрами, которые сохраняются долго [4,20]. В ранее опубликованных работах [6,20,22] нами были определены уровни иммунологической памяти (1:100) и защитного титра (1:400) специфических антител при действии эпидемически значимой заражающей дозы вируса КЭ, равной 3,0 log ТЦД 50 /мл. Мы посчитали, что такой уровень специфических антител способен защитить пациентов на ранних стадиях инфицированности сразу после укуса клеща, содержащего вирус КЭ.…”

Section: рисунок 4 динамика проявления инфекционных свойств не нейтрunclassified

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Comprehensive assessment of specific antibodies on infectious activity of tick-borne encephalitis virus

Леонова¹,

Майстровская²,

Lubova³

et al. 2019

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Vaccines for prophylactic immunization provide the most reliable and effective protection against the vast majority of infectious diseases. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) represents a high-priority medical issue at the territory of the Eurasian continent. Of great importance is assessing a role of distinct antibody titers especially low titers, observed quite often in vaccinated individuals, sometimes posing obstacles in determining a threshold of seropositivity as well as the level of specific protection against TBE virus. We aimed at obtaining data to assess antiviral activity of virus-specific antibodies with distinct titer levels based on the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experimental studies with a highly virulent Far-Eastern strain of tick-borne encephalitis virus. The in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo comprehensive experimental studies with a highly virulent Far-Eastern strain of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) were conducted and the dynamics of antiviral activity of virus-specific antibodies at variable titers (1:100–1:3200) was measured (timeframe ranged within 1–96 hours p.i.) to provide a rationale for evaluating the antiviral immune response. It was found that the in vitro experiments demonstrated that the IgG at 1:100 titer exerted a weak anti-TBEV neutralizing effect at all time-points examined. The IgG 1:400 titer caused a 2 log PFU/mL decline in TBEV Dal strain yield at 72 h post-infection, whereas at 1:3200 titer it completely suppressed TBEV replication throughout the observation period. The ex vivo experiments with blood serum obtained from vaccinated subjects demonstrating a range of TBEV antibody titers (sera from vaccinated individuals with varying anti-TBEV antibody titers) and in vivo (outinbred white mice) experiments revealed a delayed virus elimination for antibody titers at 1:100 and 1:200 as well as rapid virus elimination (1–2 days p.i.) for antibody titers greater than 1:400. Thus, antibody titer at 1:400 may be considered as the universal anti-TBEV protection threshold. In order to properly conclude regarding the revaccination schedule it is advised to start with testing blood serum for durability of anti-TBEV immune response. Subjects with TBEV antibody titers at 1:100 and 1:200 should be strongly recommended to undergo a mandatory revaccination. Such an approach is believed to be the most effective way toward enhancing efficacy of vaccine-mediated protection against TBE.

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“…The protection after JEV vaccination correlates with the level of neutralizing antibodies produced. Several reports demonstrated that a protective status is reached when serum from vaccinated individuals presents neutralization titers in plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50) of at least 10 [ 82 , 85 , 86 ], a rather low PRNT50 titer value if compared with other viral diseases [ 87 , 88 , 89 ]. JEV vaccine-induced T cell responses are observed in live attenuated vaccines only; and they preferentially target the NS3 protein.…”

Section: Japanese Encephalitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Flavivirus Vaccines: Review of the Present Situation and Perspectives of Subunit Vaccines Produced in Escherichia coli

et al. 2020

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This article aims to review the present status of anti-flavivirus subunit vaccines, both those at the experimental stage and those already available for clinical use. Aspects regarding development of vaccines to Yellow Fever virus, (YFV), Dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are highlighted, with particular emphasis on purified recombinant proteins generated in bacterial cells. Currently licensed anti-flavivirus vaccines are based on inactivated, attenuated, or virus-vector vaccines. However, technological advances in the generation of recombinant antigens with preserved structural and immunological determinants reveal new possibilities for the development of recombinant protein-based vaccine formulations for clinical testing. Furthermore, novel proposals for multi-epitope vaccines and the discovery of new adjuvants and delivery systems that enhance and/or modulate immune responses can pave the way for the development of successful subunit vaccines. Nonetheless, advances in this field require high investments that will probably not raise interest from private pharmaceutical companies and, therefore, will require support by international philanthropic organizations and governments of the countries more severely stricken by these viruses.

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Protective antibody titer for patients vaccinated against tickborne encephalitis virus

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Immunogenicity against Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus elicited by the currently available vaccines based on the European subtype: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Immunogenicity against Far Eastern and Siberian subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus elicited by the currently available vaccines based on the European subtype: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Comprehensive assessment of specific antibodies on infectious activity of tick-borne encephalitis virus

Anti-Flavivirus Vaccines: Review of the Present Situation and Perspectives of Subunit Vaccines Produced in Escherichia coli

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