Protective activity of geraniol against acetic acid and Helicobacter pylori- induced gastric ulcers in rats

Abstract

Geraniol, an active constituent of rose and palmarosa essential oils, possesses several pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial and antiulcer activity. Geraniol was therefore investigated for its antiulcer and anti- Helicobacter pylori activity in rats. Ulcers were induced by injecting acetic acid into the sub-serosal layer of the stomach followed by orogastric inoculation of H. pylori for 7 days. Geraniol (15 and 30 mg/kg), vehicle and a standard drug combination (amoxicillin, 50 mg/kg; clarithromycin, 25 mg/kg and omeprazole, 20 mg/kg) were administered twice daily for 14 days. All the parameters were measured at the end of treatment. The ulcer index was significantly (P < 0.05) lowered in geraniol and standard drug-treated rats as compared to the H. pylori control group (4.13 ± 0.43). Treatment with geraniol (30 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.01) increased the gastric pH along with a reduction in total acidity and gastric juice volume. Geraniol significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the myeloperoxidase activity and augmented the total glutathione level in gastric mucosa. The extent of damage in the stomach was measured using a histopathological score. The score in H. pylori control, geraniol (30 mg/kg) and standard drugs was 9, 3.5 and 2.0 respectively. In the rapid urease test, treatment with geraniol (30 mg/kg) and the standard drugs produced a 33% and 67% cure respectively from H. pylori infection. Further, the reduction in bacterial load in the gastric mucosa was confirmed using modified Giemsa staining. Geraniol was observed to exhibit significant antiulcer and anti- H. pylori activity in a rodent model.

Ethyl acetate extract of Kaempferia parviflora inhibits Helicobacter pylori-associated mammalian cell inflammation by regulating proinflammatory cytokine expression and leukocyte chemotaxis

“…Hence, medicinal plants that exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and antiapoptotic effects are useful alternative approaches to eradicate H. pylori infection and gastric cancer treatment. Several active compounds in herbal plants have been demonstrated to have pharmacological and anti-H. pylori activities, such as curcumin, quercetin, allicin, geraniol, dimethoxyflavone, crocin and safranal [37][38][39][40]. Anti-inflammatory action focusing on reducing IL-8 has been demonstrated in many natural products, including Ixeris chinensis [41], Sanguinaria canadensis [42], Lotus tetragonolobus and Maackia amurensis [43].…”

The implication of the crosstalk of Nrf2 with NOXs, and HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer: Potential protective effect is afforded by Raspberry Ketone

“…Group 2 was given vehicle one hour before giving absolute ethanol (7.5ml/kg) orally to induce gastric ulcer and acted as the positive ulcer control. Group 3, and 4 was pre-treated orally with RK at a dose of 50 mg/kg, or Omeprazole (20mg/kg) (dissolved in 0.05% DMSO in water) one hour before giving absolute ethanol (7.5ml/kg) [25,26]. Group 5 was given 50 mg/kg RK orally without ethanol.…”

&lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Study of Healing Effects of Sida acuta Leaf Extracts on &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Induced Ulceration in Mice

“…This could be as a result of report by [37] The micrograph of mice stomach tissue of Group B mice revealed mucosal lipidosis and deep ulcer while that of those treated with clarithromycin (50 mg/ml), cold water and ethanol extracts (400 mg/ml each) of S. acuta, all exhibited clear granulation which represents tissue repair or wound healing characterized by fibrous scar tissues, aggregation of infiltrates, and hyperplasia of epithelial cells. In another study carried out by [39], H&E staining of the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected mice showed extensive lesions, oedema, leucocytes infiltration and hemorrhage which showed a significant reduction after treatment with geraniol.…”