Protective action of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed polyphenols against alcohol-induced protein and lipid damage in rat liver

Abstract

The study investigates the effect of fenugreek seed polyphenol extract (FPEt) on ethanol-induced damage in rat liver. Chronic ethanol administration (6 g kg(-1) day(-1) x 60 days) caused liver damage that was manifested by excessive formation of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, and conjugated dienes, the end products of lipid peroxidation, and significant elevation of protein carbonyl groups and diminution of sulfhydryl groups, a marker of protein oxidation. Decreased activities of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant levels and decreased levels of thiol groups (both non-protein and protein) were observed in ethanol-treated rats. Further, ethanol significantly increased the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts, nitrated and oxidized proteins in liver which was evidenced by immunohistochemistry. Administration of FPEt to ethanol-fed rats (200 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation products and protein carbonyl content, increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and restored the levels of thiol groups. The effects of FPEt were comparable with those of a positive control, silymarin. These findings show that FPEt ameliorates the pathological liver changes induced by chronic ethanol feeding.

Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Ascorbic Acid, Quercetin, and Thiamine for Reversing Ethanol-Induced Toxicity

“…[18][19][20] In accordance with earlier studies, antioxidant supplementation decreased the generation of free radicals and thus reduced oxidative damage caused by alcohol administration. Ascorbic acid was more effective in decreasing liver and brain lipid peroxidation compared to the other antioxidants.…”

Fenugreek Bread: A Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus

“…17 Fenugreek polyphenols decrease alcoholic fatty liver in rodents. 18 Fenugreek seeds reduce hepatic steatosis by a reduction in tumor necrosis factor-a. 19 In addition to its efficacy in treating diabetes and other conditions, fenugreek is also very safe.…”

Natural Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Hangover and Alcohol Use Disorder

“…In a word, the FPEt increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and enhanced the antioxidant properties, which could be the potential mechanisms of action in chronic alcohol-fed mice. The protective effect was possibly due to the bioactive antioxidants in fenugreek seeds such as polyphenols [57][58][59]. As a result, Trigonela foenum-graecum might have a positive influence on suppressing the abnormalities induced by alcohol in chronic alcohol liver diseases through its antioxidant properties.…”

“…Mice Suppression of alcohol-induced liver steatosis by modulating the disturbance of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α pathway and ameliorating mitochondrial function [42] Cells Suppression of alcohol-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells [43] Puerarin and daidzein Root Humans Reduced alcohol intake in a naturalistic setting [45] Humans Reduced alcohol consumption in a binge drinking paradigm [46] Rats Reduced anxiogenic effects of alcohol withdrawal via increased social interaction and locomotor activity [47] Rats Mitigation of liver damage (AST, ALT, GGT) and lipid deposition induced by chronic alcohol intake as well as TNF-α release, protein expression of endotoxin receptors [48] Fructus evodiae Dehydroevodiamine, evodiamine and rutaecarpine Dried and unripe fruit Mice Alleviation of hangover through stimulating the expression of hepatic alcohol metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes [50] Rats Prevention of alcohol-induced gastric mucosal lesions by strengthening the mucosal barrier integrity and increasing gastric mucosal nitric oxide (NO) synthesis [51] Trigonela foenum-graecum Polyphenols Seeds Cells Prevention of the toxic effects of alcohol through increased cell viability, reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage and normalized GSH/GSSG ratios [53,55] Rats Suppressed alcohol-induced abnormalities in the liver through restoration of liver enzymes, ADH and ALDH activities [54] Rats Suppression of alcohol toxicity through prevention of enzymatic leakage, and improved lipid profiles [56][57][58] …”