Protection of starch in barley against rumen degradation by glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde as assessed by the dacron bag technique

Ortega-Cerrilla, María Esther; Finlayson, Heather J.; Armstrong, David G.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(98)00236-3

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The effect of TA on disappearances of DM and CP was much lower than has been observed with formaldehyde applied at similar concentrations to barley16 and corn 43, 44. The greater effect exerted by formaldehyde, however, is achieved through permanent denaturation of proteins, which limits their subsequent bioavailability as amino acids in the intestine 45…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Outflow of cereal meals from the rumen is relatively quick,42 so that it is questionable whether or not bacterial activity could decisively affect hydrolysis of TA. Moreover, a lack of persistence of effect in the final stages of in situ incubation has also been described for aldehyde‐treated barley,16 which suggests a mechanism other than the microbial hydrolysis proposed for tannins. One explanation for the short duration of effects of both TA and formaldehyde on barley could be a non‐homogeneous distribution of exogenous chemical during treatment, leaving areas of grain surfaces insufficiently treated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Manipulation of starch fermentation in the rumen, therefore, has become an important research topic in animal nutrition with some studies focussing on modifying the susceptibility of starch sources to microbial degradation. The effects on barley of chemical treatments such as alkali14 and aldehydes15, 16 have been assessed, but their practical application has been limited because of concerns for human health and safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of tannic acid to protect barley meal against ruminal degradation

et al. 2005

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The inefficiency of starch utilisation by ruminants fed readily fermentable cereal grains, such as barley, decreases the metabolic potential of such feeds and can cause serious dysfunctions related to acidosis or pre-acidosis status in animals with higher energy requirements. The rate and extent of ruminal disappearance of grain dry matter (DM) are determined largely by the morphological features of the seed endosperm, but the presence of polyphenols may also constitute a limiting factor in ruminal hydrolysis. To assess the impact of tannins on the rate and extent of ruminal fermentation of barley grain, commercial grade tannic acid (TA) was included at 0, 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0% (wt/wt, DM basis) with ground barley grain in incubation in situ, and disappearance of DM and crude protein were monitored over 48 h. A dose-dependent effect of TA on in situ degradation of barley meal was observed; significance was attained (p < 0.05) at the 5% treatment level. Scanning electron microscopy revealed limited microbial hydrolysis of endosperm cell walls in TA-treated samples, although TA did not prevent microbial attachment to or hydrolysis of starch granules. Tannins may be effective for slowing ruminal disappearance of barley to improve starch utilisation by ruminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of tannic acid to protect barley meal against ruminal degradation

et al. 2005

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“…Cereal starch can be considered a suitable source of glucose if an appropriate processing method is available which reduces ruminal degradability and increases intestinal digestion. Starch, in the form of protected granules joined to proteins, is capable of establishing covalent bonds with aldehyde compounds due to their free amino acid groups; thus, processing cereals with aldehyde compounds may protect starch from ruminal degradation (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of green tea waste extract on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of barley grain

Nasehi¹,

Torbatinejad²,

Rezaie³

et al. 2018

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of green tea waste extract (GE) on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and starch of barley grain. Therefore, barley grain was treated with 0 as control, and 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of GE. The potential of DM degradability (a + b) of barley grain treated with 15% and 20% of GE was significantly lower compared to other treatments (Linear [L] P < 0.05). The lowest (a + b) fraction of CP degradability was found in the barley grain treated with 20% GE (L P < 0.05). The (a + b) fraction and effective degradability of starch in barley grain treated with 15% and 20% of GE were significantly lower than those in other treatments (L and quadratic [Q] P < 0.05). The highest intestinal DM, CP, and starch digestibility were associated with barley grain treated with 10% GE (L and Q P < 0.05). Based on recent results, processing barley grain with GE leads to a decrease of DM, CP, and starch degradability. The treatment of 10% GE improved intestinal digestibility of the aforementioned nutrients; therefore, it can be used to protect barley grain against ruminal degradability.

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“…There is evidence that HCHO treatment may protect the starch components of cereals against rumen degradation (Fluharty & Loerch, 1989), and HCHO treatment was found to reduce the in situ dry matter (DM) degradation of barley in the rumen (Ortega-Cerrilla et al, 1999a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cultivar and formaldehyde treatment of barley grain on rumen fermentation characteristics using <i>in vitro</i> gas production

Çölkesen¹,

Kamalak²,

Canbolat³

et al. 2007

SA J. An. Sci.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cultivar and formaldehyde treatment of barley grains on rumen fermentation characteristics using the in vitro gas production technique. Amount of gas produced (mL/g organic matter (OM)) during fermentation was determined after 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation in buffered rumen fluid. The gas production kinetics were described using the equation:} where b and c are the initial gas production rate constant (h -1 ) and later gas production rate constant (h -1/2 ), respectively. Cultivar and formaldehyde treatment had significant effects on gas production kinetics. Total gas production (A) ranged from 389.9 to 410.8 (mL/g OM) with the cultivar, Esterel, producing the largest volume of gas of the cultivars. Due to low gas production rates at 3, 6 and 12 h of incubation the cultivars, Viva and Cecilla, took the longest to produce 50% of their total volume of gas. Formaldehyde treatment reduced the rate (µ) of gas production at 3, 6 and 12 h of incubation, and the total volume of gas (A), but increased the time (h) to produce 50% of A and reduced the time (h) to produce 95% of A. The reduction in gas production ranged from 33.3 to 51 mL/g OM with 6 h incubation showing the highest decrease in gas production. It is concluded that formaldehyde treatment may provide an opportunity to manipulate the site of digestion of barley grain in the digestive tract of ruminants. Through the selection of suitable cultivars and through formaldehyde treatment the nutritional and health problems associated with the fermentation of barley grain in the rumen could be reduced. _______________________________________________________________________________________

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Protection of starch in barley against rumen degradation by glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde as assessed by the dacron bag technique

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Use of tannic acid to protect barley meal against ruminal degradation

Use of tannic acid to protect barley meal against ruminal degradation

The effect of green tea waste extract on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of barley grain

Effect of cultivar and formaldehyde treatment of barley grain on rumen fermentation characteristics using <i>in vitro</i> gas production

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