Protection of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat from mortality due to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) using simple treatments of incoming seawater in land-based upwellers

Whittington, Richard J.; Hick, Paul; Evans, Olivia; Rubio, Ana; Alford, Bruce; Dhand, Navneet K.; Paul-Pont, Ika

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.11.016

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, the odds of mortality in wild oysters were 27 times higher than that of nursery animals. These results agree well with the fact that wild oyster seed is more exposed to disease risk in the field than those in nurseries, where they are likely to be protected from pathogens by means of prophylactic methods (Whittington et al 2015).…”

Section: Rearing History Of Oyster Seed: Natural Spatfall Vs Nurserysupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In France, oysters originate either from natural spatfall collected along the Atlantic coast, or alternatively, from hatcheries and nurseries. In the field, oysters are unpredictably exposed to OsHV-1, whereas in hatcheries and nurseries they can be protected by means of prophylactic methods such as ultra-violet light (see details in Schikorski et al 2011b) and seawater filtration (< 5 µm, Whittington et al 2015). Here, we tested whether the sanitary status of oyster seed is influenced by its rearing history, and explored how this could be taken into account for building disease management scenarios.…”

Section: Open Pen Access Ccessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas

Petton¹,

Boudry²,

Alunno‐Bruscia³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

122

148

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Section: Rearing History Of Oyster Seed: Natural Spatfall Vs Nurserysupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Open Pen Access Ccessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas

Petton¹,

Boudry²,

Alunno‐Bruscia³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

122

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, persistence of infective viruses in seawater can be short-lived as for other herpesviridae. In Australia, spat exposed to infected seawater previously aged for 48 h show no mortality [47]. Experimental transmission studies confirmed that survival of the Australian strain of OsHV-1 mVar in seawater in a laboratory environment is unlikely after 2 days [49].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Oshv-1 Transmission: Current Knowledge and mentioning

confidence: 78%

Infectious diseases in oyster aquaculture require a new integrated approach

Pernet

Lupo

Bacher

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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117

107

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Emerging diseases pose a recurrent threat to bivalve aquaculture. Recently, massive mortality events in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas associated with the detection of a microvariant of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1µVar) have been reported in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Although the spread of disease is often viewed as a governance failure, we suggest that the development of protective measures for bivalve farming is presently held back by the lack of key scientific knowledge. In this paper, we explore the case for an integrated approach to study the management of bivalve disease, using OsHV-1 as a case study. Reconsidering the key issues by incorporating multidisciplinary science could provide a holistic understanding of OsHV-1 and increase the benefit of research to policymakers.

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“…As centrifugal forces as low as 1000 × g applied for 20 min are capable of pelleting particles the same size as plant or animal cells (or larger), and not particulates as small as free virus (Lawrence & Steward 2010), it was strongly suggested that at least some OsHV-1 virions may be attached to or associated with particles within natural seawater samples. Whittington et al (2015b) demonstrated that treatment of incoming OsHV-1 infected seawater, by either aging or filtration to 5 µm, can prevent OsHV-1 related mortalities in C. gigas spat. OsHV-1 was however sometimes detected at very low levels in aged and filtered seawater treatment spat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 in Crassostrea gigas by cohabitation: effects of food and number of infected donor oysters

Evans¹,

Hick²,

Dhand³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) causes severe mortalities in commercially produced Crassostrea gigas, with oysters <1 yr of age being the most susceptible. It presents a significant threat to C. gigas aquaculture worldwide. Understanding the mechanisms behind the complex interactions of the pathogen, host and environment and the mode of transmission of the virus has been difficult. The aims of this study were to (1) investigate the role that food plays in OsHV-1 transmission and mortality and (2) assess the dose-response effect represented by the number of OsHV-1-infected donor oysters cohabitated with healthy naïve oysters. Both addition of food and the number of donor oysters were important risk factors for OsHV-1 transmission and clinical disease in an aquarium model. Cumulative mortality was higher and incubation period (median time to death) was lower in fed oysters compared with non-fed oysters. Depending on the number of infected donors, fed oysters had a hazard of death 3.55 to 13.70 times that of non-fed oysters in the first 7 d post-exposure. Mortality rates were doubled when 6 donor oysters were included per tank compared with 2 donors in the first experiment. The severity of disease was lower in a second experiment conducted on a different batch of oysters. However, there was a consistent trend for increased hazard of death associated with food. OsHV-1 DNA was detected in aquarium water in both experiments but at low levels compared with prior studies, probably due to larger water volume, biofiltration and UV treatment. Results are consistent with the OsHV-1 particle attachment hypothesis; however, the adsorption of OsHV-1 to algal food particles and the effects of their ingestion are yet to be confirmed.

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Protection of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat from mortality due to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) using simple treatments of incoming seawater in land-based upwellers

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas

Infectious diseases in oyster aquaculture require a new integrated approach

Transmission of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 in Crassostrea gigas by cohabitation: effects of food and number of infected donor oysters

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