1981
DOI: 10.2307/3575574
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Protection of Normal Tissue against Late Radiation Injury by WR-2721

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1982
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Cited by 30 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…This different uptake is due to higher pH and alkaline phosphatase activity in normal tissue compared to tumor tissue that causes the conversion of amifostine into active, protective thiol, WR-1065 [36], which in turn acts as a scavenger of oxygen free radicals inside the cell [1]. Interestingly, the highest tissue levels of amifostine and its metabolites are found in salivary glands [39][40][41][57][58][59], but accumulation in thyroid tissue was found to be negligible [39,63]. Submandibular gland tissue is postulated to be relatively resistant to ionizing irradiation in the same dosage range [1,19,47].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This different uptake is due to higher pH and alkaline phosphatase activity in normal tissue compared to tumor tissue that causes the conversion of amifostine into active, protective thiol, WR-1065 [36], which in turn acts as a scavenger of oxygen free radicals inside the cell [1]. Interestingly, the highest tissue levels of amifostine and its metabolites are found in salivary glands [39][40][41][57][58][59], but accumulation in thyroid tissue was found to be negligible [39,63]. Submandibular gland tissue is postulated to be relatively resistant to ionizing irradiation in the same dosage range [1,19,47].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…23 Thus, amifostine is an ideal radioprotector in thyroid cancer because RAI damages normal tissues within the first several hours upon administration. Biodistribution studies have found that the highest concentration of amifostine and its metabolites are found in salivary glands [24][25][26][27] but accumulation in thyroid tissue was negligible. 15,28 WR-1065 exerts its cytoprotective effect by acting as a free-radical scavenger and prevents tissue damage from oxygen freeradicals produced by radiation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For this reason, Phase I and II clinical trials with WR-2721 are already under way in the United States and in Japan (Kligermanetal., 1980;Tanaka & Sugahara, 1980). Various authors have reported large protection factors (PF) * with this drug in a variety of normal tissues, and very little radioprotection has been observed in most experimental tumour systems (Yuhas & Storer, 1969a;Yuhas, 1973;Phillips et al, 1973;Utley et al, 1974;Utley et al, 1978;Sodicoff et al, 1979;Kinnamonetal, 1980;Yuhas et al, 1980a;Utley et al, 1981). If the radioprotective effect of WR-2721 on normal tissues can be reliably predicted, and if it does not protect tumours, particularly during fractionated radiotherapy, then this compound would be of great value in clinical radiation therapy.…”
mentioning
confidence: 96%