Protection of neuronal cells against reactive oxygen species by carnosine and related compounds

Boldyrev, Alexander A.; Bulygina, E. R.; Leinsoo, T. A.; Petrushanko, Irina Yu.; Tsubone, Shiori; Abe, Hiroki

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2003.10.008

Cited by 129 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Carnosine has been found with higher concentration in white muscle than red muscle tissue (Boldyrev et al, 2004;Brown., 1981;Hipkiss, 2005;Plowman and Close, 1988). Chicken is a representative animal with higher carnosine content among the white muscle tissue animals (Boldyrev and Severin, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carnosine and Anserine in Chicken: Distribution, Age-dependency and their Anti-glycation Activity

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Baek³

et al. 2012

Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources

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The imidazole dipeptide carnosine and its methylated anserine analogues are the major histidine containing dipeptides in vertebrate tissue, especially in skeletal muscle, the heart, and the central nervous system. In this study, the carnosine and anserine content in chicken from different parts and of differing ages was determined and their physiological activities were compared. Anserine was more dominant than carnosine in these tissues and both of them significantly decreased with aging in all parts of chicken muscles. Chicken breast muscle showed the highest content of carnosine and anserine than drumstick and wing. Advanced glycated end-product (AGE) formation was inhibited up to 60% by the extract from 20 wk chicken breast and decreased with aging (90 wk). Anti-oxidation activity was also significantly reduced from 61.2% to 52.9% with aging. As results, anti-glycation and anti-oxidation activity of carnosine and anserine extract from chicken muscle increased proportionally to the amount of those peptides in the muscle, while these decreased with the aging process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carnosine and Anserine in Chicken: Distribution, Age-dependency and their Anti-glycation Activity

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Baek³

et al. 2012

Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources

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“…In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that carnosine can exert neuroprotective effects through various mechanisms such as cytosolic buffering capabilities, broad antioxidant activity, antiglutamatergic excitotoxicity, and metal ion-chelating properties. [5][6][7][8] Therefore, carnosine, through its diverse pharmacological activities, could have potential neuroprotective benefits against cerebral ischemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carnosine Is Neuroprotective Against Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice

Rajanikant

Zemke

Senut

et al. 2007

Stroke

120

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Background and Purpose-Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide with multiple neuroprotective properties. In addition, it is well tolerated in high doses with minimal side effects. The purposes of this study were to determine whether carnosine is neuroprotective in permanent focal cerebral ischemia and to determine potential mechanisms of neuroprotection. Methods-We investigated the efficacy of carnosine in a mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. The effects of carnosine were investigated with respect to neuronal damage and infarct formation, endogenous antioxidant status, and matrix metalloproteinase activity. Results-Carnosine significantly decreased infarct size and neuronal damage when administered at time points both before and after the induction of ischemia. Carnosine also decreased reactive oxygen species levels in the ischemic brain, preserved normal glutathione levels, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase protein levels and activity. Conclusions-Carnosine is neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia and appears to influence deleterious pathological processes that are activated after the onset of ischemia.

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“…Various studies have indicated that the imidazole compounds have pH-buffering (9) and antioxidant properties (10), which are attributable to their imidazole moiety. The imidazole compounds have been reported to affect the activities of enzymes involved in glycogenolysis (11) and gluconeogenesis (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuna extract reduces serum uric acid in gout-free subjects with insignificantly high serum uric acid: A randomized controlled trial

2016

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Abstract. Long-term reduction of serum urate levels is vital in the treatment of gout. However, it is difficult to convince gout-free individuals of the necessity of treatment as few appropriate over-the-counter remedies and dietary supplements are available. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the antihyperuricemic efficacy and safety of a tuna extract containing the imidazole compounds to evaluate its potential as a functional food ingredient. A randomized, 4-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. A total of 48 male gout-free subjects with insignificantly high serum uric acid were randomly assigned to low-and high-dose tuna extract groups or a placebo group. The efficacy of the extract was assessed by measuring serum uric acid levels. Furthermore, a safety assessment was performed by physical parameters, hematology, blood biochemistry and urinalysis. The results indicated that the uric acid level was decreased at week 4 during the intervention in the tuna extract groups (low and high dose, -0.23 and -0.34 mg/dl, respectively) compared to the placebo group (-0.07 mg/dl). At week 4 after the intervention, a significant reduction in uric acid levels (-0.41 mg/dl; P<0.05) was observed in the high-dose tuna extract group compared with the placebo group (+0.11 mg/dl). No dose-related adverse events were observed during and following the intervention. Therefore, the present results suggest that oral administration of tuna extract containing the imidazole compounds has hypouricemic activity with no undesirable side effects.

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Protection of neuronal cells against reactive oxygen species by carnosine and related compounds

Cited by 129 publications

References 16 publications

Carnosine and Anserine in Chicken: Distribution, Age-dependency and their Anti-glycation Activity

Carnosine and Anserine in Chicken: Distribution, Age-dependency and their Anti-glycation Activity

Carnosine Is Neuroprotective Against Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice

Tuna extract reduces serum uric acid in gout-free subjects with insignificantly high serum uric acid: A randomized controlled trial

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