Protection of<i>Candida parapsilosis</i>from neutrophil killing through internalization by human endothelial cells

Glass, Kyle A.; Longley, Sarah J.; Bliss, Joseph M.; Shaw, Sunil K.

doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1042643

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Furthermore, engulfed yeast cells inhibited the host cells' attempt to complete mitosis (115). In endothelial cells, internalized yeasts resist acidification by the host cell and are protected from neutrophil killing in vitro (246). Although the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating the abovementioned phenomena are largely unknown, it has been suggested that the species' secreted lipases and extracellular proteases might be involved in survival within maturing phagosomes.…”

Section: Survival Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida parapsilosis: from Genes to the Bedside

et al. 2019

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SUMMARY Patients with suppressed immunity are at the highest risk for hospital-acquired infections. Among these, invasive candidiasis is the most prevalent systemic fungal nosocomial infection. Over recent decades, the combined prevalence of non-albicans Candida species outranked Candida albicans infections in several geographical regions worldwide, highlighting the need to understand their pathobiology in order to develop effective treatment and to prevent future outbreaks. Candida parapsilosis is the second or third most frequently isolated Candida species from patients. Besides being highly prevalent, its biology differs markedly from that of C. albicans, which may be associated with C. parapsilosis’ increased incidence. Differences in virulence, regulatory and antifungal drug resistance mechanisms, and the patient groups at risk indicate that conclusions drawn from C. albicans pathobiology cannot be simply extrapolated to C. parapsilosis. Such species-specific characteristics may also influence their recognition and elimination by the host and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Due to the availability of high-throughput, state-of-the-art experimental tools and molecular genetic methods adapted to C. parapsilosis, genome and transcriptome studies are now available that greatly contribute to our understanding of what makes this species a threat. In this review, we summarize 10 years of findings on C. parapsilosis pathogenesis, including the species’ genetic properties, transcriptome studies, host responses, and molecular mechanisms of virulence. Antifungal susceptibility studies and clinician perspectives are discussed. We also present regional incidence reports in order to provide an updated worldwide epidemiology summary.

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Section: Survival Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida parapsilosis: from Genes to the Bedside

et al. 2019

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“…Neutrophils are indispensable for host defense against fungal infections and are typically the first responding leukocytes to be mobilized in large numbers to the infected site. While the contributions of neutrophils have been best studied in the context of C. albicans [ 26 , 40 ], reports have described their importance in controlling non- C. albicans species such as C. glabrata [ 118 ], C. tropicalis [ 119 ], and C. parapsilosis [ 120 ]. Neutrophils aggressively ingest and destroy fungal particles through phagocytosis.…”

Section: Hematopoietic Cell-mediated Innate Immunity In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immunity to Mucosal Candida Infections

Verma

Gaffen

Swidergall

2017

JoF

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Mucosal epithelial tissues are exposed to high numbers of microbes, including commensal fungi, and are able to distinguish between those that are avirulent and those that cause disease. Epithelial cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to defend against colonization and invasion by Candida species. The interplay between mucosal epithelial tissues and immune cells is key for control and clearance of fungal infections. Our understanding of the mucosal innate host defense system has expanded recently with new studies bringing to light the importance of epithelial cell responses, innate T cells, neutrophils, and other phagocytes during Candida infections. Epithelial tissues release cytokines, host defense peptides, and alarmins during Candida invasion that act in concert to limit fungal proliferation and recruit immune effector cells. The innate T cell/IL-17 axis and recruitment of neutrophils are of central importance in controlling mucosal fungal infections. Here, we review current knowledge of the innate immunity at sites of mucosal Candida infection, with a focus on infections caused by C. albicans.

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“…C. parapsilosis, a fungal pathogen that causes hematogenously disseminated disease in premature neonates has an escape plan from NETs mediated evasion. C. parapsilosis even after endocytosized by endothelial cells remained alive, multiply intracellularly and eventually burst out of the host endothelial cell [54].…”

Section: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps In Infection and Autoimmune Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: As Antimicrobial Peptides

Ann¹

2019

ORD

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Neutrophils are an integral part of innate immune response system, abundantly present in blood circulation. They are the primary responders to the injury or intruding pathogens in human body. Neutrophils engulf infectious microorganisms by the process of phagocytosis, which usually initiates the production of reactive oxygen species and adhere the neutrophilic antimicrobial granules with vacuoles containing pathogens. Upon activation, neutrophils also render signals for stimulation and maturation of macrophages and dendritic cells. They release neutrophil extracellular traps for the suppression of infection and inflammation along with other antimicrobial molecules. The antimicrobials that are present in neutrophil extracellular traps not only eradicate microbes but also moderately contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as destruction of tissue observed in periodontitis. Genetic shortcomings in neutrophils with respect to their chemotaxis, migration and phagocytosis become evident as severe forms of periodontitis, thus highlighting their role in innate immunity. Therefore, the present review is undertaken to highlight the importance of production and release of neutrophil extracellular trap in the regulation of immune reaction and its role in periodontal disease. A comprehensive database search was performed to gather all the relevant data related to the action of neutrophil and neutrophil extracellular traps in various inflammatory diseases with special emphasis on periodontitis.

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Protection ofCandida parapsilosisfrom neutrophil killing through internalization by human endothelial cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Candida parapsilosis: from Genes to the Bedside

Candida parapsilosis: from Genes to the Bedside

Innate Immunity to Mucosal Candida Infections

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: As Antimicrobial Peptides

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