Protection of humanity's cultural and historic heritage in space

Abstract

While the international community has acted forcefully since World War II to protect sites and objects of cultural or historic significance on Earth, little attention has been paid to the same kinds of sites and objects in space. There are important ethical and scholarly reasons for wanting to preserve sites and in situ objects in off-Earth contexts from destruction or commercial exploitation. Innovative space research equipment, such as spacecraft, satellites, and space stations, and the locations of historic missions, such as Tranquility Base, therefore deserve formal international recognition and protection. Appropriate models for developing a comprehensive protective scheme can be found in existing international protocols, especially the 1959 Antarctic Treaty (and later additions), the 1970 UNESCO Convention on Cultural Property, the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention, and the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Underwater Cultural Heritage. In addition, space agencies and professional organizations can mandate adequate and ethical planning for the post-operational phases of space missions to include arrangements for heritage protection.

Planejamento estratégico para restauro e reparo em esquadrias de madeira de patrimônio histórico

“…El presente trabajo pretende realizar un relevamiento cualitativo y cuantitativo de las manifestaciones patológicas en los marcos de madera del Centro Cultural Bernardo Mascarenhas, ubicado en la ciudad de Juiz de Fora (MG), además de presentar estrategias A manutenção da integridade das edificações históricas, bem como sua conservação é legitimada por diversos autores, como por exemplo, Feilden (1994); Lorenzetti (2010); Saviz, Luc e Saeed (2020) que exaltam seus valores arquitetônicos, estéticos, sociais, políticos, simbólicos, dentre outros. Entretanto, deve-se considerar as alterações climáticas ocorridas nas últimas décadas que tendem a comprometer a vida útil e a durabilidade dos materiais e componentes das edificações, principalmente, as históricas onde os danos são mais significativo devido ao estado insatisfatório de conservação (Walsh, 2012;Philipson, Emmanuel e Baker, 2016). Mühlbauer e Razeira (2003) destacam o emprego da madeira como material de construção, destacando sua abundância e variedade, tanto na natureza quanto nas obras de arquitetura e engenharia e, com o aprimoramento tecnológico o seu emprego tornou-se mais nobre na fabricação, por exemplo, de esquadrias.…”

Computer Aided Design to Produce High-Detail Models through Low Cost Digital Fabrication for the Conservation of Aerospace Heritage

“…However, in certain areas of engineering that possibility does not come to be, as it is in the aerospace sector. Therefore, space engineering projects has become critical evidence of the development of humanity, and consequently they remain part of our heritage [12]. For this reason, some researchers have demanded the need to act in the cataloguing and storage of aerospace heritage, indicating that published data are insufficient since they simply state the launch date, the name of the satellite, and the orbit [13].…”

Problems of Outer Space Safe Exploration: Philosophical and Legal Approach

“…Уолша, Ш. Чандрашекара, Ю. Шемшученка та ін. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Отже, аналіз наукової літератури з даної проблематики, виокремлення недостатньо розроблених аспектів проблематики безпекового освоєння космічного простору стали підґрунтям для формулювання мети дослідження.…”