Protection goals for aquatic plants

Thursby, Glen B.; Lewis, Michael A.

doi:10.1002/ieam.1380

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A subset of the Ecotoxicology Database (ECOTOX; http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/) was summarized to identify sensitive aquatic plant species based on EC 50 concentrations (concentration reducing the response parameter of interest by 50% relative to the control). In addition, as a technical expansion of Thursby and Lewis (2013), the database was used as a platform to determine the ability of a species-limited data set to serve as a surrogate for larger speciespopulated data sets based on HC 5 value comparisons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic plants: Test species sensitivity and minimum data requirement evaluations for chemical risk assessments and aquatic life criteria development for the USA

Lewis

Thursby

2018

Environmental Pollution

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Phytotoxicity results from the publicly-available ECOTOX database were summarized for 20 chemicals and 188 aquatic plants to determine species sensitivities and the ability of a species-limited toxicity data set to serve as a surrogate for a larger data set. The lowest effect concentrations reducing the sublethal response parameter of interest by 50% relative to the controls (EC) usually varied several orders of magnitude for the 119 freshwater and 69 saltwater plants exposed to the same test chemicals. Generally, algae were more sensitive than floating and benthic species but inter-specific differences for EC values were sometimes considerable within and between phyla and no consistently sensitive species was identified for the morphologically-diverse taxa. Consistent equivalencies of the phytotoxicity databases for freshwater-saltwater plants and floating-benthic macrophyte species were not demonstrated. Two species-sensitivity distribution plots (SSDs) were constructed for each of the 20 chemicals, one based on all available phytotoxicity information (range = 10-76 test species) and another based on information for only five species recommended for pesticide hazard evaluations. HC values (hazardous concentration to 5% of test species) estimated from the two SSDs usually differed four-fold or less for the same chemical. HC values for the five species were often conservative estimates of HC values for the more species-populated data sets. Consequently, the collective response of the five test species shows promise as an interim aquatic plant minimum data requirement for aquatic life criteria development. In contrast, the lowest EC values for the five species usually were greater than HC values for the same test chemicals, a finding important to criteria-supporting Final Plant Values. The conclusions may differ for comparisons based on other test chemicals, test species, response parameters and calculations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic plants: Test species sensitivity and minimum data requirement evaluations for chemical risk assessments and aquatic life criteria development for the USA

Lewis

Thursby

2018

Environmental Pollution

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Recovery of aquatic and terrestrial populations in the context of European pesticide risk assessment

et al. 2015

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18In the present review, we compiled and evaluated the available information supporting 19 the assessment of population and community recovery after pesticide application. This 20 information is crucial for the environmental risk assessment of pesticides. We reviewed more 21 than 3900 manuscripts on those organism groups relevant or likely to become relevant for the 22 risk assessment procedures in Europe, i.e. aquatic invertebrates, algae, aquatic plants, fish, 23 aquatic microbes, amphibians, as well as birds and mammals, non-target terrestrial arthropods 24 including honeybees, non-arthropod invertebrates, terrestrial microbes, non-target terrestrial 25 plants, nematodes, and reptiles. Finally, 106 aquatic and 76 terrestrial studies met our 26 selection criteria and were evaluated in detail. 27We extracted the following general conclusions: (1) Internal recovery depends 28 strongly on reproduction capacity. For aquatic invertebrates recovery was generally observed 29 within a maximum of five generation times.(2) In cases where recovery occurred within one 30 generation, migration from uncontaminated areas was identified as the main pathway for 31 aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, in particular for insect species with the ability for aerial 32 re-colonization. (3) Community composition in general did not recover within the study 33 duration in the majority of cases. (4) The ecological context, including factors such as food 34 resources, habitat quality and re-colonization potential, is a crucial factor for recovery from 35 pesticide effects. (5) Indirect effects acting through food chain processes, including predation 36 and competition, are highly relevant for increasing the magnitude of effect and for prolonging 37 recovery time. 38Based on our findings, we recommend defining realistic scenarios for risk assessment 39 regarding exposure, taxa considered, environmental conditions and ecological context. In 40 addition to experimental studies, field monitoring was shown to yield valuable information to 41 Page 2 of 56 Environ. Rev. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by University of Ottawa on 08/05/15 For personal use only. This Just-IN manuscript is the accepted manuscript prior to copy editing and page composition. It may differ from the final official version of record. identify relevant taxa, long-term effects and the conditions for recovery, and should therefore 42 be considered to validate approaches of risk assessment. Likewise, ecological modelling was 43 found to be a valuable tool for assessing recovery. Finally, both study design and 44 interpretation of results still often suffer from missing ecological information or from neglect 45 of the available knowledge. Hence, a more rigorous utilization of existing knowledge (e.g. 46 from general disturbance ecology) and the generation of systematic ecological knowledge on 47 the various factors influencing recovery are needed. 48 49 KEY WORDS 50 plant protection products; long-term effect; transient effect; European Food Safety Authority 51 (EF...

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Protection goals for aquatic plants

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Aquatic plants: Test species sensitivity and minimum data requirement evaluations for chemical risk assessments and aquatic life criteria development for the USA

Aquatic plants: Test species sensitivity and minimum data requirement evaluations for chemical risk assessments and aquatic life criteria development for the USA

Recovery of aquatic and terrestrial populations in the context of European pesticide risk assessment

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