Protection effect of gut microbiota composition and acetate absorption against hypertension-induced damages on the longevity population in Guangxi, China

Abstract

IntroductionRecent evidence supports a role for the gut microbe-metabolites in longevity. However, the phenomenon of hypertension is more common in the longevity area and whether hypertension is associated with longevity remains unclear. Here, we hypothesize that the levels of gut microbiota, SCFAs, and urine metabolites were different between hypertension elderly and hypertension longevity.MethodsWe recruited 46 elderly volunteers from Donglan County, Guangxi, and 32 were selected and included in the experiment. The subjects with hypertension were divided into two groups according to age, Hypertension Elderly (HTE, aged 70.5 ± 8.59, n = 19) and Hypertension Longevity (HTL, aged 100 ± 5.72, n = 13). The gut microbiota, SCFAs, and urine metabolites were determined by three-generation 16S rRNA full-length sequencing, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR, respectively.ResultsCompared with the HTL group, the HTE group had higher levels of hypertension-related genera Klebsiella and Streptococcus, while having lower levels of the SCFA-producing genera Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Alistipes. Based on LEFse analysis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus salivarius, Ruminococcus, Actinomyces, Rikenellaceae, f_Saccharimonadaceae, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacteroids, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Parabacteroides, Alistipes were biomarkers that showed significant differences between the groups. In addition, the microbial pathways associated with K. pneumoniae and E. coli may promote hypertension, while A. muciniphila may play a role in reversing the development of hypertension in long-lived elderly. Metabolomics revealed that HTL contained a lower concentration of fecal acetate and propionate than HTE, while it contained a higher concentration of serum acetate and urine acetate. Furthermore, their immune cells exhibited no significant changes in SCFAs receptors.ConclusionAlthough long-lived elderly have extremely high systolic blood pressure, their unique gut microbiota composition and efficient acetate absorption in the colon may offset the damages caused by hypertension and maintain healthy homeostasis.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates High Fat-Induced Insulin Resistance via Regulating Gut Microbiota–Host Metabolic and Immunomodulatory Interactions

“…Simultaneously, the supplementation of CLA suppressed the gut dysbiosis-related bacteria such as Streptococcus and Anaerotruncus which are suggested to strongly correlate with the progression of inflammation, IR and metabolic diseases [ 45 , 46 ]. On the other hand, the abundances of potent SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Muribaculaceae , Allobaculum , Alloprevotella , Alistipes , Akkermansia , Bacteroides and Parabacteroides as well as the production of specific SCFAs, which have been demonstrated to negatively correlate with the levels of blood glucose and lipid, inflammation and IR, positively correlate with the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and insulin signaling [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ], were both significantly improved with the CLA supplementation in the HF mice. Akkermansia , Bacteroides and Parabacteroides are even regarded as promising probiotics to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome and immune diseases in humans [ 54 ].…”

The gut microbial composition in polycystic ovary syndrome with hyperandrogenemia and its association with steroid hormones

“…Bifidobacterium is known to play a beneficial role in maintaining gut health and overall wellbeing (Van Syoc et al, 2023). The ecological role of Saccharimonadaceae bacteria is not fully understood (Zhang, Meng, et al, 2022), but they are believed to contribute to carbon and nutrient cycling in their environment (Zhang, Meng, et al, 2022). Genera such as Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus, which elevated in HA-PCOS, are generally considered pro-inflammatory or opportunistic pathogens (Chen et al, 2023;Taylor et al, 2023;Zhang, Tan, et al, 2023).…”

“…In the present study, we found that serum T level negatively correlated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_unclassified, Coprococcus, Muribaculaceae, and Oscillospiraceae, whereas alterations in the abundance and diversity of these florae have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, T2D and other metabolic disorders ( Kim et al, 2022 ). Moreover, they could ferment dietary fibers and produce SCFAs, which are critically important for maintaining glucose and insulin homeostasis and ameliorating chronic inflammation throughout the body ( Zhang et al, 2022 ). In turn, the abnormal glucose metabolism and compensatory hyperinsulinism contributed to hyperandrogenism, thereby disrupting the gut dysbiosis and metabolites.…”