Protection against Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Is Unaffected by Ionizing Irradiation

Weber, Frank; Hempel, Klaus

doi:10.1159/000234351

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The mycobacteria in CFA induce a polarized Th1 response, and CFA is also known to activate the innate immune system. Previously, protective effects of CFA immunization have been reported in diabetes in NOD mice (Qin et al, 1993; Calcinaro et al, 1997), in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (Weber and Hempel, 1987), and in nematode infection (Robinson et al, 1996). One of the major immunogenic antigens in mycobacteria is the 65 kDa bacterial variant of the 60 kDa heat shock protein HSP60 (Kaufmann et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Freund's adjuvant immunization prolongs survival in experimental prion disease in mice

Tal

Souan

Cohen

et al. 2002

J of Neuroscience Research

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We recently reported that immunization of mice with certain self-prion protein peptides induced specific T-cell and B-cell immune responses; importantly, this immunization was associated with a decrease in the number of protease-resistant PrP(Sc) particles recoverable in a transplanted, scrapie-infected syngeneic tumor. The present study was carried out to determine whether immunization with the immunogenic PrP peptides might influence the natural history of experimental scrapie in mice. We immunized C57BL/6 mice with self-prion peptides in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or with CFA alone as a control and then infected the mice with mouse-adapted scrapie by injection either intraperitoneally or intracerebrally. We report here that immunization with CFA, irrespective of whether prion peptides were present in the inoculum, resulted in marked prolongation of survival of the mice, whether the challenge was intracerebral or intraperitoneal. Mice in the immunized and control groups that died contained equivalent amounts of PrP(Sc). Thus, CFA immunization has a therapeutic effect in experimental scrapie in mice, possibly by reducing the rate of PrP(Sc) accumulation in the brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Freund's adjuvant immunization prolongs survival in experimental prion disease in mice

Tal

Souan

Cohen

et al. 2002

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…To induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis susceptible animals must be immunized with autoantigen emulsified in CFA. However, reports indicate that CFA administered to rats before challenge with encephalitogenic antigen protects the animals from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (14)(15)(16), and that muramyl dipeptide (17), a component of the mycobacteria of CFA, prevents the adoptive transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs. Thus, the phenomenon described in NOD probably operates in other T cellmediated autoimmune diseases.. Other experiments described in the literature also indicate the immunosuppressive capability of CFA (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A T-cell dormant state in the autoimmune process of nonobese diabetic mice treated with complete Freund's adjuvant.

Ulaeto

Lacy

Kipnis

et al. 1992

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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lymphocytes from diabetic mice into male NOD mice transferred the diabetic state, but this transfer was markedly suppressed when the recipients were treated with CFA. In all three cases the spleen cells from the normoglycemic mice treated with CFA induced diabetes when transferred into NOD male mice. CFA, therefore, induces a state of T-cell dormancy, in which the islets are no longer subject to an immune attack.The autoimmune diabetic process of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) strain of mice is easily suppressed by a variety of inflammatory and/or immunological stimuli (1-7). These stimuli have ranged from infections with viruses or intracellular pathogenic bacteria to injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (6, 7). Perhaps the effect of these different stimuli is to release the acute cytokines-such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) that, in some way, modulate the autoimmune state. Indeed, there are reports showing the ameliorating effect of repeated injections of TNF (8, 9) or IL-1 (9) on the diabetic state of NOD mice. Intrigued by these surprising findings, we now attempt to define the status of the T cells in CFA-treated NOD mice that do not exhibit diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODSMice. Male NOD mice were bred in our own colony under specific pathogen-free conditions or purchased from Taconic (Germantown, NY). Female NOD mice were bred in our own colony. After reaching 16 weeks of age female mice were tested weekly for diabetes by analysis of urine glucose with Chemstrips-UG (Boehringer Mannheim). Blood glucose levels of >300 mg/dl usually were confirmed on the day of sacrifice. Blood glucose levels were measured on a Beckman glucose analyzer or an Ames Glucometer II on blood collected in heparinized capillary tubes from the retroorbital area.CFA. CFA (Bacto adjuvant H37-RA from Difco) was prepared by emulsification with an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline.Experimental Conditions. Three sets of experimental conditions were evaluated. In each the diabetic process was inhibited by CFA injections; subsequently, lymphocytes were harvested from the spleens and transferred i.v. into male nondiabetic NOD mice that had received 790 R (1 R = 0.258 mC/kg) from a '37Cs source (Gammacell 40, Atomic Energy, Ottawa)].(i) The first condition consisted of NOD female mice that received CFA at 7-9 weeks of age (50 .ld i.p. and 100 ILI s.c.on the base of the tail).(ii) The second condition consisted of diabetic NOD that received islet transplants from male, nondiabetic NOD mice, followed by CFA (either 200 .ul i.p. or 50 juI i.p. and 100 dul s.c.). The pancreatic islets of Langerhans were isolated by the method of Lacy and Kostianovsky (10) from 8-to 10-week-old male NOD mice. Briefly, islets were isolated from NOD pancreas by collagenase digestion and centrifugation over a discontinuous Ficoll gradient, cultured for 7 days at 240C or 370C in CMRL medium (GIBCO) adjusted to 150 mM glucose and supplemented with glutamine, penicillin at 100 pug/ml, streptomycin at 50,ug/ml, and 5% ...

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“…The serum titer of anti-GpBP antibody was determined essen tially by the procedure previously described [9]. GpBP used in this investigation was prepared according to Bellini …”

Section: Antibody Titrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis – Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatment with the Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Piroxicam (Feldene®)

Weber

Meyermann²,

Hempel³

1991

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Prophylactic administration of Piroxicam (Feldene®), a reversible inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, significantly reduced the occurrence of paralytic signs and the amount of antibodies against myelin basic protein in the model of mild acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat. Mononuclear infiltration of the central nervous system remained unaffected. A therapeutic intervention with piroxicam, however, increased paresis and CNS pathology. Immunohistochemical studies revealed an increased proportion of ED1-positive macrophages and monocytes in the infiltrates of the spinal cord in animals treated with piroxicam. Possible reasons for the different effects of the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment are discussed in the study.

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Protection against Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Is Unaffected by Ionizing Irradiation

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Complete Freund's adjuvant immunization prolongs survival in experimental prion disease in mice

Complete Freund's adjuvant immunization prolongs survival in experimental prion disease in mice

A T-cell dormant state in the autoimmune process of nonobese diabetic mice treated with complete Freund's adjuvant.

Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis – Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatment with the Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor Piroxicam (Feldene®)

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