Protecting Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke

Farber, Harold J.; Groner, Judith A.; Walley, Susan C.; Nelson, Kevin E.

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-3110

Cited by 207 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…In utero and early-life ETS exposure remains an important risk factor for respiratory disease in young children with consequent long-term effects on respiratory health. Increasing evidence indicates that the roots of adult COPD lie in antenatal and early life exposures including ETS [106]. The generational effect of smoke exposure is important with evidence emerging of maternal smoking in pregnancy impacting on subsequent risk of asthma in grandchildren regardless of the mother’s smoking status or of long-term COPD [107].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Key preventative strategies to protect children from tobacco smoke and nicotine exposure include a comprehensive ban on tobacco smoke, ban of smoking in multi-house units, and the ban on the use of nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) [106]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is essential that counselling and smoking cessation programs are offered to parents to address parental dependency and to reduce the impact of early life exposures’ preconception, to promote child health, and prevent long-term sequelae [106,109]. Effective smoking cessation programs targeting vulnerable groups, especially women, pregnant women, and adolescents, particularly in LMICs are required to stem the smoking pandemic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Vanker

Gie

Zar

2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

145

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Introduction: Childhood respiratory illness is a major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in low and middle-income countries. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a recognised risk factor for both acute and chronic respiratory illness.Areas covered: The aim of this paper was to review the epidemiology of ETS exposure and impact on respiratory health in children. We conducted a search of 3 electronic databases of publications on ETS and childhood respiratory illness from 1990–2015. Key findings were that up to 70% of children are exposed to ETS globally, but under-reporting may mask the true prevalence. Maternal smoking and ETS exposure influence infant lung development and are associated with childhood upper and lower respiratory tract infection, wheezing or asthma. Further, exposure to ETS is associated with more severe respiratory disease. ETS exposure reduces lung function early in life, establishing an increased lifelong risk of poor lung health.Expert commentary: Urgent and effective strategies are needed to decrease ETS exposure in young children to improve child and long-term lung health in adults especially in low and middle income countries where ETS exposure is increasing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Vanker

Gie

Zar

2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These interventions are most effective for those with mild degrees of nicotine dependence and least effective (although still of some benefit) for those with severe dependence. 97 Data are limited to support any 1 clinical approach to adolescent cessation of nicotine use. Effective behaviorally based strategies have focused on problem-solving skills and on providing support and encouragement.…”

Section: Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine and Tobacco as Substances of Abuse in Children and Adolescents

Siqueira¹,

Ryan²,

Gonzalez³

et al. 2017

Pediatrics

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Nicotine is the primary pharmacologic component of tobacco, and users of tobacco products seek out its effects. The highly addictive nature of nicotine is responsible for its widespread use and difficulty with quitting. This technical report focuses on nicotine and discusses the stages of use in progression to dependence on nicotine-containing products; the physiologic characteristics, neurobiology, metabolism, pharmacogenetics, and health effects of nicotine; and acute nicotine toxicity. Finally, some newer approaches to cessation are noted.

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“…[24][25][26] These statements offer recommendations to reduce youth access to e-cigarettes, e-liquid, and related products, including unintentional exposure among young children.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Exposure to E-Cigarettes, Nicotine, and Tobacco Products in the United States

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and outcomes of exposures to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), nicotine, and tobacco products among young children in the United States. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of exposures associated with nicotine and tobacco products among children younger than 6 years old was conducted by using National Poison Data System data. RESULTS:From January 2012 through April 2015, the National Poison Data System received 29 141 calls for nicotine and tobacco product exposures among children younger than 6 years, averaging 729 child exposures per month. Cigarettes accounted for 60.1% of exposures, followed by other tobacco products (16.4%) and e-cigarettes (14.2%). The monthly number of exposures associated with e-cigarettes increased by 1492.9% during the study period. Children <2 years old accounted for 44.1% of e-cigarette exposures, 91.6% of cigarette exposures, and 75.4% of other tobacco exposures. Children exposed to e-cigarettes had 5.2 times higher odds of a health care facility admission and 2.6 times higher odds of having a severe outcome than children exposed to cigarettes. One death occurred in association with a nicotine liquid exposure. CONCLUSIONS:The frequency of exposures to e-cigarettes and nicotine liquid among young children is increasing rapidly and severe outcomes are being reported. Swift government action is needed to regulate these products to help prevent child poisoning. Prevention strategies include public education; appropriate product storage and use away from children; warning labels; and modifications of e-cigarette devices, e-liquid, and e-liquid containers and packaging to make them less appealing and less accessible to children.

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Protecting Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke

Cited by 207 publications

References 160 publications

The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Nicotine and Tobacco as Substances of Abuse in Children and Adolescents

Pediatric Exposure to E-Cigarettes, Nicotine, and Tobacco Products in the United States

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