Proteasome serves as pivotal regulator in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningoencephalitis

Abstract

Proteasome primarily degrades the unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis. Disruption of the brain barrier and its resulting meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis are important pathological events in non-permissive hosts. In this study, the results showed upregulated proteasome during A . cantonensis infection. Occludin degradation and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity were significantly increased in infected mice than in uninfected mice. Moreover, confocal immunoflourescence microscopy showed that occludin was co-localized with MMP-9. The infected-mice were treated with proteasomal activity inhibitor MG132 by 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg/day, which resulted in significantly reduced protein levels of phosphorylated IκBα ( P <0.05) compared with the untreated control. The phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) showed similar result. In addition, MMP-9 activity and occludin degradation were reduced because of MG132 treatment. These results suggested that the proteasome in A . cantonensis infection degraded phosphorylated IκBα, modulated phosphorylated NF-κB, and then regulated the activation of MMP-9 and occludin degradation. Proteasome alterations were presented in eosinophilic meningitis of BALB/c mice and may contribute to the pathophysiology of eosinophilic meningitis by increasing occludin degradation. This molecule would serve as pivotal regulator in A . cantonensis -induced eosinophilic meningoencephalitis.

Consumption of invasive apple snails (Pomacea spp.): a public health concern for neuroangiostrongyliasis in Taiwan

“…In Taiwan, the current method of Angiostrongylus cantonensisdetection is by use of PCR on CSF samples (Luo et al, 2023). In addition, alternative markers for easier detection ofAngiostrongylus cantonensis infection are being tested, such as IgE antibody levels in Angiostrongylus cantonensis infected mouse models (Lee et al, 2023), and microRNA upregulation in meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensisinfection (Chen and Lai, 2023).…”

Neuroprotective effects of CysLT2R antagonist on Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced edema and meningoencephalitis

“…BBB permeability was evaluated using Evans blue concentrations in the mouse cerebrum as previously described [13]. Mice were injected with 2% (w/v) Evans blue dye 2% (w/v) (5 ml / kg body weight; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) in saline through the tail vein.…”

Meningoencefalitis eosinofílica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis

“…Finalmente, otros resultados mostraron algunos mecanismos poco dilucidados en nuestro medio, producido por la infección del helminto. Tal es el caso de un artículo del 2017 que indica la posible atrofia del timo en modelos experimentales 18 y otro artículo en PlusOne que le atribuye a un proteosoma la regulación fundamental en el proceso de inducción de la infección en el sistema nervioso central 19 .…”

“…La peroxirredoxina es conocida por presentar una función esencial en la detoxificación del peróxido de hidrógeno (H 2 O 2 ). Estos resultados sugieren que el parásito adulto de A. cantonensis libera esta proteína con su función antes descrita; sin embargo, ha sido reportada por tener efectos severos para la modulación de la inmunidad por Th2 30 . Según Ze-Xun, et al 31 la identificación de perfiles de micro ARN (Ácido Ribonucleico) en el Sistema nervioso central (SNC) de ratones infectados por ☞ http://archivosdeneurociencias.com MENINGOENCEFALITIS EOSINOFÍLICA POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS A. cantonensis reveló significativas alteraciones en la expresión de micro ARN.…”