Protease activity induced by nicotine in human cells.

Wang, X L; Kita, K; Takahashi, Shunji; Hasegawa, Rei; J, X; Yamamori, Hideo; Nakajima, Nobuyuki; Yokoe, Hidetaka; Tanzawa, Hideki; Suzuki, Nobuo

doi:10.3892/ijmm.4.5.537

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, we detected GAPDH in the culture media, suggesting that some cell lysis may have occurred. Although the interaction between nicotine and neutrophils has not been extensively studied, nicotine has been previously shown to increase NE gene and protein expression in human leukemic-60 cells (47,48). Garcia-Arcos and colleagues concluded that vape-induced emphysema was driven by nicotine rather than by other e-liquid components such as PG/VG (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic E-Cigarette Use Increases Neutrophil Elastase and Matrix Metalloprotease Levels in the Lung

Ghosh

Coakley

Ghio³

et al. 2019

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

154

114

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Rationale: Proteolysis is a key aspect of the lung's innate immune system. Proteases, including neutrophil elastase and MMPs (matrix metalloproteases), modulate cell signaling, inflammation, tissue remodeling, and leukocyte recruitment via cleavage of their target proteins. Excessive proteolysis occurs with chronic tobacco use and is causative for bronchiectasis and emphysema. The effect of e-cigarettes (vaping) on proteolysis is unknown. Objectives: We used protease levels as biomarkers of harm to determine the impact of vaping on the lung. Methods: We performed research bronchoscopies on healthy nonsmokers, cigarette smokers, and e-cigarette users (vapers), and determined protease levels in BAL. In parallel, we studied the effects of e-cigarette components on protease secretion in isolated human blood neutrophils and BAL-derived macrophages. We also analyzed the nicotine concentration in induced sputum and BAL. Measurements and Main Results: Neutrophil elastase, MMP-2, and MMP-9 activities and protein levels were equally elevated in both vapers' and smokers' BAL relative to nonsmokers. In contrast, antiprotease levels were unchanged. We also found that exposure of isolated neutrophils and macrophages to nicotine elicited dose-dependent increases in protease release. After vaping, measurable levels of nicotine were detectable in sputum and BAL, which corresponded to the half-maximal effective concentration values for protease release seen in immune cells. Conclusions: We conclude that vaping induces nicotine-dependent protease release from resident pulmonary immune cells. Thus, chronic vaping disrupts the protease-antiprotease balance by increasing proteolysis in lung, which may place vapers at risk of developing chronic lung disease. These data indicate that vaping may not be safer than tobacco smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic E-Cigarette Use Increases Neutrophil Elastase and Matrix Metalloprotease Levels in the Lung

Ghosh

Coakley

Ghio³

et al. 2019

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

154

114

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“…RSa cells have high sensitivity to UV-mutagenicity and cell-killing (Kuwata et al, 1976;Suzuki and Fuse, 1981). In contrast, AP r -1 and HeLa cells are both resistant to UV-induced mutagenicity (Kuwata et al, 1976;Suzuki and Fuse,1981;Isogai et al, 1998;Wang et al, 1999), and the latter cells were further resistant to UV cell-killing (Kuwata et al, 1976;Suzuki and Fuse, 1981) because of their higher repair capacity than RSa cells. However, the gravity-changing stress-induced up-regulation of the LDH-A gene was observed in all the cell lines, and to a similar extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Characteristics of the RSa cell line have been described with regard to high sensitivity to far-ultraviolet light (UVC, principally 254 nm in wavelength)-induced cell-killing and mutagenicity (Kuwata et al, 1976;Suzuki and Fuse, 1981) AP r -1 cells were established as a variant cell line with resistance to the UV mutagenicity as previously described (Isogai et al, 1998;Wang et al, 1999). HeLa cells have been described elswhere (Kuwata et al, 1976;Suzuki and Fuse, 1981).…”

Section: Cells and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Expression of The LDH-A Gene after Gravity-changing Stress in Human RSa Cells.

et al. 2002

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A major issue in radiation and space biology is whether gene expression levels are altered in cells exposed to gravity-changing stress. In the present study, genes up-or down-regulated in radiation-sensitive human RSa cells cultured under gravity-changing conditions, were identified using a PCR-based mRNA differential display method. Exposure of cells to gravity-changing stress was performed by free-fall with a drop-shaft facility or by an airplane-conducted parabolic flight. Among the candidates for gravity-changing stress-responsive genes obtained by the differential display analysis, the lactate dehydrogenase A gene (LDH-A) was confirmed by Northern blotting analysis to exhibit increased expression levels. The gravity-changing stress consisted of a combination of microgravity and hypergravity. However, exposure of the cells to hypergravity produced by centrifuge only slightly affected the LDH-A mRNA expression. Thus, LDH-A was found to be a candidate for the genes which play a role in the cellular response to gravity-changing stress, and mainly to microgravity.

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Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Randomized Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Smith

Bracha²,

Svendsen³

et al. 2005

Ann Intern Med

117

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Protease activity induced by nicotine in human cells.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic E-Cigarette Use Increases Neutrophil Elastase and Matrix Metalloprotease Levels in the Lung

Chronic E-Cigarette Use Increases Neutrophil Elastase and Matrix Metalloprotease Levels in the Lung

Enhanced Expression of The LDH-A Gene after Gravity-changing Stress in Human RSa Cells.

Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Randomized Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

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