Protease activity as a possible mechanism of migration inhibitory factor

Howat, M.; Sodomann, C. P.; Havemann, K; Gürger, Sigrid

doi:10.1002/eji.1830020118

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The molecular weight of this lymphokine was 23,000 daltons, as determined by gel filtration. Haveman et al (1972) reported an hMIF in supernatants of human lymphocytes sensitized to PPD with a molecular weight range of 30,000 to 60,000 daltons. Three different molecular species of hMIF were found in the supernatants of Con A-stimulated, human, 3.4 ± 1.2 b 31.2 ± 6.1 a 1.8 ± .6 b 1.7 ± .8 b 28.1 ± 3.9 s 3.5 ± 2.6 b 1.2 ± 31.2 ± 2.8 4.9 23.9 1.4 6.8 a 1.6 b 3.6 b 3.0 s .9 b a,b Means within a column with no common superscripts are significantly different (P<.05).…”

Section: Table 6 Percentage Of Migration Inhibition (± Sem) Of Thymumentioning

confidence: 98%

Lymphocyte Inhibitory and Chemotactic Factors Produced by Bursal and Thymic Lymphocytes

Joshi

Glick

1990

Poultry Science

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Bursal (B) and thymic (T) lymphocytes from chickens sensitized to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PPD) or human gamma globulin (hGG) produced an avian lymphocyte-inhibitory factor designated as LyIF-PPD or LyIF-hGG, respectively. A chemotactic factor (LCF) for peripheral blood leukocytes was elaborated only by T-cells sensitized to PPD and hGG. These factors were partially purified by HPLC and were characterized physiochemically. Maximum inhibitory activity for LyIF-PPD and LyIF-hGG occurred in peak fractions corresponding to molecular weight ranges of 29,000 to 52,000 daltons and 15,000 to 29,000 daltons, respectively. The inhibitory activity of B- and T-LyIF-hGG was lost after chymotrypsin and neuraminidase treatment. Maximum chemotactic activity for LCF-PPD and LCF-hGG was in peak HPLC fractions corresponding to molecular weight ranges of 9,000 to 16,000 daltons and 8,000 to 16,500 daltons, respectively. Chemotactic activity of LCF-PPD and LCF-hGG was lost following chymotrypsin treatment while it was not reduced after neuraminidase treatment. Both inhibitory and chemotactic activities were stable at 56 C for 30 min and resistant to changes in pH from 5 to 9. The precursor molecule for the lymphokine is made after antigen immunization, but activated in the presence of the sensitizing agent.

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Section: Table 6 Percentage Of Migration Inhibition (± Sem) Of Thymumentioning

confidence: 98%

Lymphocyte Inhibitory and Chemotactic Factors Produced by Bursal and Thymic Lymphocytes

Joshi

Glick

1990

Poultry Science

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“…Once the macrophage has destroyed the antigen, presumably lymphocyte transformation would cease and MIF/MAF activity would cease. Since phagocytizing macrophages are known to release significant quantities of different proteases into the extracellular medium [29], the MIF or MAF activity would be continuously eliminated by proteolysis [30]. Thus, the cycle of lymphocyte transformation leading to macrophage phagocytosis could be interrupted.…”

Section: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (Mif) and Macrophage mentioning

confidence: 99%

The biochemistry of lymphocyte-derived mediators of immunological inflammation

1978

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Evidence is presented to indicate that there exists in lymphoid tissue, as a result of transforming lymphocytes, a new lymphokine which is chemotactically specific for lymphocytes, called 'lymphotactin'. Lymphotactin has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity; has a molecular weight of 10,500 D and an isoelectric point of 5.9. Its role in amplifying the immune defense system by recruitment of naive lymphocytes into propinquity with the challenging antigens is suggested. Purification of macrophage migration inhibitory factor from thymus extracts to electrophoretic homogeneity leads to a compound of molecular weight of 36,500 D and an IEP of 6.9. Chemically it contains sialic acid and o-methyl glucopyranoside as its only carbohydrates. Purified MIF activates the macrophage phagocytically. Skin reactive factor and lymph node permeability factor have been isolated and purified and are found to be inhibited by pepstatin and antihistamine and to have an isoelectric point of pH 4.2 and a molecular weight of 50,000--100,000 D. It is believed that this anionic permeability increasing agent actually arises from the lysosomes of macrophages and lymphoblasts (the normal small lymphocyte having essentially no lysosomal organelles). The mononuclear cell infiltration characteristic of crude SRF and LNPF may proceed from their being contaminated with lymphotactin.

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“…Using this assay procedure and partially purified thymus-derived M I F activity, we have explored the effects of derivatives of epsilon-amino-caproic acid (EACA) upon M I F activity in vitro proceeding from the observation of Havemann et al (3) that inhibitors of proteolytic activity such as soybean and lima bean trypsin inhibitors were capable of inhibiting the MIF activity obtained from the supernatant of transformed lymphocytes. The results of these studies, as reported below, indicate that derivatives of the protease inhibitor EACA are also capable of significantly inhibiting M I F at concentrations of the order of M and that the ideal compound (active at M ) has four methyl groups between an acetylated amino group and a free carboxyl group.…”

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confidence: 99%