Prostatic carcinosarcoma: A case report and review of literature

Abstract

A unique case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate detected in a 71-year-old man is presented. Pelvic exenteration was performed, and the resected prostatic mass was found to consist of two histologically distinct elements; adenocarcinoma and sarcoma with focal osteosarcomatous element. The patient is still alive with neither metastasis nor recurrence. This is the 42nd case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate to be reported in the literature.

A case of prostatic carcinosarcoma with cytological and immunohistochemical findings

“…Interestingly, some cases were reported to be adenosquamous carcinoma, which may be associated with chondrosarcoma development [6,17]. The most common sarcomatous component was reported to be osteosarcoma (50-62%) followed by chondrosarcoma (33-45%), leiomyosarcoma (17-24%), and rhabdomyosarcoma (10-12%) [6,7]. In the present case, the sarcomatous component was leimomyosarcoma based on the immunohistochemical findings showing positive reaction with α-SMA.…”

“…The origin and pathogenesis of PCSs is still unknown; some authors proposed that both carcinoma and sarcoma simultaneously developed within the prostate, while others suggested that adenocarcinoma underwent transformation into sarcoma [7,9,14,15]. The present case was suggested to be the latter case from the findings of histopathological re-examination of the biopsy.…”

“…Approximate less than 100 PCS cases have been reported in the prostate [4]. Some PCSs may also be referred to as sarcomatoid carcinoma [6][7][8][9]11]. Also, only a few studies on the cytological and immunohistochemical findings of this rare malignancy were described [12,13].…”

“…Morphologically, most of the prostate cancers are adenocarcinoma [1,2], although non-epithelial malignancies are known to develop in the prostate [3] with an incidence of less than 0.1% of all prostate malignancies [4]. Prostatic carcinosarcoma (PCS) which was first reported in 1967 by Hamlin and Lund [5], is an extremely rare malignancy and has very poor prognosis with a survival of approximate 7 months [6][7][8][9]. PCS is a histological mixture of adenocarcinoma and certain type(s) of sarcoma [1,2,10].…”

Prostatic Carcinosarcoma: A Case Report

“…Radiotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy or chemotherapy were used in the treatment but the results of treatment were not satisfactory. The survival was found to be 7 months and there were no predictive parameters to detect it (14). In our case, carcinosarcoma was common in the tissue; and even no metastases was seen, the survival was about 5 months.…”