Prostate specific antigen (PSA)‐based screening

Suzuki, Hiroyoshi; Flanigan, Robert C.; Okuyama, Äkïhïko

doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2008.02122.x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The AUA and the JUA have already agreed on a joint statement on screening for prostate cancer, which has stated the aforementioned policy since 2008. 28,29 Overall, almost all medical organizations have a policy that information on screening for prostate cancer, including the benefits and limitations of PSA screening, complications of biopsy and treatment, and so on should be provided to recipients before taking the test. If a man wants to undergo the test, physicians should provide the best available screening system.…”

Section: Baseline Consensus On Screening For Prostate Cancer In the Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updated Japanese Urological Association Guidelines on prostate‐specific antigen‐based screening for prostate cancer in 2010

Naito¹,

Kakehi²,

Okuyama³

et al. 2010

Int J of Urology

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Abstract:The exposure rate of screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Japan is still very low compared with that in the USA or western Europe. The mortality rate of prostate cancer will increase in the future and in 2020 it will be 2.8-fold higher than in 2000. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the best available countermeasures to decrease the rate of prostate cancer death. PSA screening, which can reduce the risk of death as a result of prostate cancer, should be offered to all men at risk of developing prostate cancer with fact sheets showing updated benefits and drawbacks of screening for prostate cancer.Key words: prostate cancer, PSA, screening, guidelines. Policy statement of the Japanese Urological Association on screening for prostate cancerThe Japanese Urological Association (JUA) recommends prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, which can reduce the risk of death as a result of prostate cancer, 1 for men at risk of prostate cancer. The recommendation is based on fact sheets showing the benefits and drawbacks of screening for prostate cancer. The JUA provides the best available screening system for men who want to be screened. Theoretical background of the policy statement1 The exposure rate of screening for prostate cancer using PSA in Japan is still very low compared with that in the USA or western Europe. Therefore, many clinically significant cancer cases in Japan might be undetected and missed until they develop into clinically advanced disease.2 At present, approximately 30% of newly detected prostate cancer cases have bone metastases in municipalities where the exposure rates of populationbased PSA screening have been lower than 5%. 3 In the mean time, mortality rates as a result of prostate cancer have increased and were estimated to be 9985 in 2008. 4 The number of deaths as a result of prostate cancer will reach 21 062 in 2020.5 Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the best available countermeasures to decrease the rate of prostate cancer death. 2 The Cancer Countermeasure Fundamental Law, which is an important national policy in Japan declared in 2007, stated the goal of a 20% decrease in the mortality rates as a result of cancer in people aged below 75 years within 10 years. The JUA recommends PSA screening, which can lead to a decrease in the mortality rate of prostate cancer, based on well-balanced fact sheets in human dry-dock (Ningen dock) and also populationbased screening for prostate cancer to contribute to achieving the goal in terms of reducing the mortality rate of prostate cancer in all age ranges. 3 The latest results from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) showed that the mortality rate of prostate cancer showed a 20% and 31% decrease in the screening group compared with the control group during 9 years of observation on average by intention-to-screen (ITS) analysis 1 and a second analysis adjusted by compliance and contamination for the PSA test, 6 respectively. This study clearly s...

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Section: Baseline Consensus On Screening For Prostate Cancer In the Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information should be provided to recipients about the benefits and limitations of PSA screening. The AUA and the JUA have already agreed on a joint statement on screening for prostate cancer, which has stated the aforementioned policy since 2008 28,29 …”

Section: Baseline Consensus On Screening For Prostate Cancer In the Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Japanese Urological Association Guidelines on prostate‐specific antigen‐based screening for prostate cancer in 2010

Naito¹,

Kakehi²,

Okuyama³

et al. 2010

Int J of Urology

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“…Guidelines from the American Cancer Society 14 and the American Urological Association 15 also recommend PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE) screening for prostate cancer from 50 years of age through to those with a life‐expectancy of over 10 years in the general population and from 40‐ or 45‐year‐old men with prostate cancer patients among their first generation relatives and also in black males after obtaining informed consent in terms of the merits and demerits of screening for prostate cancer. Recently, the American Urological Association and the Japanese Urological Association made a joint statement on screening for prostate cancer, which stated the above‐mentioned policy 16 …”

Section: Guidelines On Psa Screening In Japan and Other Developed Coumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the American Urological Association and the Japanese Urological Association made a joint statement on screening for prostate cancer, which stated the above-mentioned policy. 16 The US Preventive Services Task Force does not recommend routine PSA screening for men without any urinary symptoms because largescale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of screening for prostate cancer in the USA and Europe have not demonstrated any significant reduction in prostate cancer mortality. 17 They point out that issues such as overdetection, overtreatment, quality of life (QOL), adverse effects of biopsies and treatment are still unclear at present.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prostate‐specific antigen‐based screening for prostate cancer: Evidence, controversies and future perspectives

Ito

2009

Int J of Urology

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Abstract:The most recent epidemiological survey revealed that the mortality rate for prostate cancer in Japan has increased and has been getting very close to that in the USA, where it has decreased since 1992. The low exposure rate of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in Japan and the high exposure rate of PSA screening in the USA may result in completely deferent trends in the mortality rate of prostate cancer between the two countries. The Japanese Urological Association recommends PSA-based screening for men at risk of prostate cancer at age 50 years or older in general and 45 years or older in men with a family history of prostate cancer within first generation relatives. The fact sheet on screening for prostate cancer should indicate the most recent reliable clinical research on screening for prostate cancer and its demerits including false-negative and false-positive PSA test results and prostate biopsy, overdetection and overtreatment. However, it should be explained to the public that the demerits for PSA screening will be clarified step by step during screening, and in general, men having more information on screening results (PSA level, pathological findings of biopsy specimens, clinical stage, etc.) can understand their current situation better than those having no information on screening results, including PSA levels.

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“…The International Journal of Urology ( IJU ) published an Editorial on prostate‐specific antigen (PSA)‐based screening in the September issue of 2008 1 . The previous Editorial introduced several IJU articles and precious comments from worldwide distinguished urologists on prostate cancer detection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%