Prostate-specific antigen density as a prognostic marker in patients with localized prostate cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND:The most important task in the field of improving the results of treatment of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) is their correct stratification by risk groups. Modern stratification systems do not fully provide an adequate risk assessment for all patients with prostate cancer. Further development of algorithms for predicting the clinical course of prostate cancer for a particular patient can positively affect the course and outcome of the disease.
 AIM:Determination of the clinical and prognostic value of the density of prostate-specific antigen (PSAD) in patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent combined external beam radiation with androgen deprivation therapy.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS:The effect of the PSAD parameter on the tumor-specific survival rates, as well as the clinical and morphological parameters of the tumor process, was assessed in 272 patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent combined external beam radiation with androgen deprivation therapy from January 1996 to July 2007.
 RESULTS:The high clinical significance of the PSAD indicator has been demonstrated. An increase in PSAD correlated with an increase in serum PSA concentration, a decrease in PSA doubling time, and a decrease in tumor differentiation. The prognostic value of PSAD was confirmed in patients with localized prostate cancer who received combined hormone-radiation therapy. Using ROC-analysis, the threshold value of the PSAD index was determined 0.36 ng / ml / cm3, the excess of which was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the level of tumor-specific survival. The area under the curve was 0.703 (95% CI 0.2360.434;p 0.001). The risk of tumor-specific mortality and recurrence increased as the PSAD value increased.
 CONCLUSION:The PSAD parameter is a reliable biomarker of prostate cancer with high rates of clinical and prognostic significance, the use of which is not associated with the introduction of costly and cumbersome methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics.