Prostate specific antigen: biology, biochemistry and available commercial assays

Ward, A. Milford; Catto, James W.F.; Hamdy, Freddie C.

doi:10.1258/0004563011901055

Cited by 133 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…As was expected (3,13), assay suppliers who developed assays for free PSA, but whose total PSA assays were not equimolarresponse assays, made efforts to modify their total PSA assays. Consequently, nonequimolar-response assays have already been superseded or withdrawn (14) and it can be anticipated that more assay modifications will appear on the market (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Modification of the Chiron ACS Assay for Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Achieves Equimolar Response Characteristics and Improves the Detection of Prostate Cancer

Oberpenning¹,

Weining²,

Brandt³

et al. 2003

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Nonequimolar-response assays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are criticized for overestimating total PSA in some men without prostate cancer (PCA), and underestimating total PSA in some men with PCA. We recently studied three nonequimolar-response PSA assays that had undergone modifications. While two of the studied assays achieved equimolar-response characteristics with improved areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC), the modification of the Chiron ACS PSA assay (ACS PSA2, Chiron) failed to achieve this. Recently, the ACS assay underwent another modification (ACS PSA, Bayer), which we investigated.Sera from 305 men (155 without and 150 with PCA, PSA ≥ 2 and ≤ 30 µg/l, Tandem-E) were measured using both modifications of the ACS assay and equimolar-response reference methods (Tandem-R free and Tan

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Modification of the Chiron ACS Assay for Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Achieves Equimolar Response Characteristics and Improves the Detection of Prostate Cancer

Oberpenning¹,

Weining²,

Brandt³

et al. 2003

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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“…The presence of PSA in serum serves as a marker for the detection and monitoring of prostate carcinoma [20][21][22]. PSA is a 34-kDa glycoprotein with a single N-linked glycosylation site at Asn45.…”

Section: Prostate-specific Antigen (Psa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A lectin array-based methodology for the analysis of protein glycosylation

Rosenfeld¹,

Bangio²,

Gerwig³

et al. 2007

Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods

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Glycosylation is the most versatile and one of the most abundant protein modifications. It has a structural role as well as diverse functional roles in many specific biological functions, including cancer development, viral and bacterial infections, and autoimmunity. The diverse roles of glycosylation in biological processes are rapidly growing areas of research, however, Glycobiology research is limited by the lack of a technology for rapid analysis of glycan composition of glycoproteins. Currently used methods for glycoanalysis are complex, typically requiring high levels of expertise and days to provide answers, and are not readily available to all researcher.We have developed a lectin array-based method, Qproteome™ GlycoArray kits, for rapid analysis of glycosylation profiles of glycoproteins. Glycoanalysis is performed on intact glycoproteins, requiring only 4-6 h for most analysis types. The method, demonstrated in this manuscript by several examples, is based on binding of an intact glycoprotein to the arrayed lectins, resulting in a characteristic fingerprint that is highly sensitive to changes in the protein's glycan composition. The large number of lectins, each with its specific recognition pattern, ensures high sensitivity to changes in the glycosylation pattern. A set of proprietary algorithms automatically interpret the fingerprint signals to provide a comprehensive glycan profile output.

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“…Since non-equimolar assays create substantial problems for the standardization of PSA assays and in the recent past have largely been withdrawn from the market or replaced by equimolar modifications of improved diagnostic performance, their apparent higher sensitivity to prostate manipulation will be of decreasing concern in the future (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Fig 3 -Mean Changes In F/t-psa During Rrp (14 Patients) Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Intraoperative Manipulation of the Prostate on Total and Free Prostate-Specific Antigen

et al. 2002

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Objectives: It is well documented that mechanical manipulation of the prostate can elevate total PSA (t-PSA) levels in serum. However, less is known about its effects on free PSA (f-PSA) and the free-to-total PSA ratio (f/t-PSA). We therefore examined the impact of prostate manipulation on t-PSA and f-PSA during surgical procedures involving the prostate. Methods: Intraoperative blood samples for t-PSA and f-PSA measurement (Hybritech) were collected every 15 min during 14 radical retropubic prostatectomies (RRP) and 10 radical cystoprostatectomies (RCP). Results: Prostatic manipulation induced significant elevations in t-PSA and f-PSA during RRP and RCP. Postmanipulatory peaks were markedly higher for f-PSA than for t-PSA. The mean maximum f-PSA levels showed a 4.3-(RRP) and 7.9-fold (RCP) increase, followed by a rapid decline after prostate removal. t-PSA increased 1.2-(RRP) and 1.3-fold (RCP), and declined more slowly. Postmanipulatory f/t-PSA ratios also increased significantly, reaching mean elevations of +0.29 and +0.28 over preoperative ratios during RRP and RCP, respectively. Conclusions: Prostate manipulation can induce transient increases in t-

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Prostate specific antigen: biology, biochemistry and available commercial assays

Cited by 133 publications

References 108 publications

A New Modification of the Chiron ACS Assay for Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Achieves Equimolar Response Characteristics and Improves the Detection of Prostate Cancer

A New Modification of the Chiron ACS Assay for Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Achieves Equimolar Response Characteristics and Improves the Detection of Prostate Cancer

A lectin array-based methodology for the analysis of protein glycosylation

The Impact of Intraoperative Manipulation of the Prostate on Total and Free Prostate-Specific Antigen

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