Prostate-Specific Antigen as a Serum Marker for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

Stamey, Thomas A.; Na, Yang; Hay, Alan R.; McNeal, John E.; Freiha, Fuad S.; Redwine, Elise A.

doi:10.1056/nejm198710083171501

Cited by 2,188 publications

(859 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Conventional imaging modalities (14), serum prostatespecific antigen levels, Gleason grading, and tumor volume in needle biopsies (15) have been consistently correlated with pathologic findings in prostatectomy specimens in the individual patient (16,17). However, their predictive value has been inadequate on a patient-by-patient basis, particularly in cases in which moderately differentiated carcinomas (Gleason Grade 3) were diagnosed by needle biopsy (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Cellularity of Tumor-Encased Native Vessels in Prostate Carcinoma Is a Marker for Tumor Progression

et al. 2000

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Changes in the native vasculature of the prostate gland associated with prostate adenocarcinoma have not been well characterized. Eighty-nine whole mounts of entirely submitted radical prostatectomies were reviewed. Thirty prostates with a minimum of five native arteries surrounded by carcinoma with corresponding control arteries were found and included in this study. The number of nuclei in the media of native arteries was recorded per 0.138 mm 2 using a 40؋ objective.The number of nuclei in vessels embedded in carcinoma (n ‫؍‬ 204) was increased when compared with controls (26.37 versus 20.58 mean nuclei per 0.138 mm 2 ; P < .001). Pathologic Stage T3 carcinomas contained vessels that were more cellular than stage T2 (P < .001). Vessels embedded in Gleason Grade 4 showed more cellularity than arteries embedded in Gleason Grade 3 (P < .002).Increased media cellularity of native prostate vessels encased in carcinoma is a histologic feature of higher grade/stage prostate carcinoma and provides positive indicator of advanced prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Cellularity of Tumor-Encased Native Vessels in Prostate Carcinoma Is a Marker for Tumor Progression

et al. 2000

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“…Recent advances in diagnosis, particularly in the measurement of prostate speci®c antigen (PSA) in the blood, have led to earlier diagnosis of the disease (Catalona et al, 1991;Stamey et al, 1987). PSA is a serine protease and a human glandular kallikrein product of 240 amino acids (Wang et al, 1982;Watt et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and immunological analysis of genetic prostate specific antigen (PSA) vaccine

et al. 1998

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Nucleic acid immunization has been investigated as immunotherapy for infectious diseases as well as for treating speci®c types of cancers. In this approach, nucleic acid expression cassettes are directly inoculated into the host, whose transfected cells become the production source of novel and possibly immunologically foreign protein. We have developed a DNA vaccine construct which encodes for PSA by cloning a cDNA for PSA into a mammalian expression vector under control of a CMV promoter. We investigated and characterized the immunogenicity of PSA DNA expression cassettes in mice. PSA-speci®c immune responses induced in vivo by immunization were characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), T helper proliferation cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), and¯ow cytometry assays. We observed a strong and persistent antibody response against PSA for at least 180 days following immunization. In addition, a signi®cant T helper cell proliferation was observed against PSA protein. Using synthetic peptides spanning the PSA open frame, we identi®ed four dominant T helper epitopes of PSA. Furthermore, immunization with PSA plasmid induced MHC Class I CD8+ T cell-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tumor cell targets expressing PSA. The prostate represents a very speci®c functional organ critical for reproduction but not for the health and survival of the individual. Understanding the immunogenicity of PSA DNA immunization cassettes o ers insight into the possible use of this tumorassociated antigen as a target for immunotherapy. These results demonstrate the ability of the genetic PSA to serve as a speci®c immune target capable of generating both humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo.

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“…Nevertheless, a PSA level of higher than 20 ng ml 21 was not sensitive enough to indicate metastatic disease. 18 In the current study, miR-141 is hypothesized to promote the ability of prostate tumour cells to disseminate to bone and other organs, and miR-141 levels could be a supplementary or alternative marker for metastasis in those patients whose PSA levels are higher than 20 ng ml 21 . Additionally, we revealed that serum miR-141 levels were correlated with the number of bone lesions and the serum ALP level.…”

Section: Elevated Levelsmentioning

confidence: 89%

An elevated serum miR-141 level in patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer is correlated with more bone lesions

Zhang¹,

Xiao²,

Cao³

et al. 2013

Asian J Androl

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The skeleton is the most common metastatic organ in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Non-invasive biomarkers that can facilitate the detection and monitoring of bone metastases are highly desirable. We designed this study to assess the expression patterns of serum miR-141 in patients with bone-metastatic PCa. Serum samples were collected to measure the miR-141 level in 56 patients, including six with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 20 with localized PCa and 30 with bone-metastatic PCa (10 with hormone-naive PCa, 10 with hormone-sensitive PCa and 10 with hormone-refractory PCa). A bone scan was performed for each patient with PCa to assess the number of bone lesions. The quantification of serum miR-141 levels was assayed by specific TaqMan qRT-PCR. The results showed that serum miR-141 levels were elevated in patients with bone metastasis (P,0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the serum miR-141 levels between patients with BPH and patients with localized PCa. Using Kendall's bivariate correlation test, both the Gleason score and the number of bone-metastatic lesions were found to correlate with serum miR-141 levels (P50.012 and P,0.001, respectively). The serum miR-141 level was found to be positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in patients with skeletal metastasis, using Pearson's bivariate correlation test. No relationship was found between the serum miR-141 level and the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. We concluded that serum miR-141 levels are elevated in patients with bone-metastatic PCa and that patients with higher levels of serum miR-141 developed more bone lesions. Furthermore, serum miR-141 levels are correlated with serum ALP levels but not serum PSA levels.

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Prostate-Specific Antigen as a Serum Marker for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

Cited by 2,188 publications

References 13 publications

Increased Cellularity of Tumor-Encased Native Vessels in Prostate Carcinoma Is a Marker for Tumor Progression

Increased Cellularity of Tumor-Encased Native Vessels in Prostate Carcinoma Is a Marker for Tumor Progression

Molecular and immunological analysis of genetic prostate specific antigen (PSA) vaccine

An elevated serum miR-141 level in patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer is correlated with more bone lesions

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