Prostate cancer screening: Continued controversies and novel biomarker advancements

Tidd-Johnson, Atiyah; Sebastian, Sneha Annie; Co, Edzel Lorraine; Afaq, Munaza; Kochhar, Hansini; Sheikh, Mona; Mago, Arpit; Poudel, Sujan; Fernández, John A.; Rodriguez, Ivan D.; Razdan, Sanjay

doi:10.1097/cu9.0000000000000145

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(273 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, the estimated number of lives saved per 1000 screened individuals is considered low, while overdiagnosis is much more common. Even with a general understanding of the actual population and individual risks and benefits, the decision to undergo PSA screening is not straightforward and needs to consider a host of other factors, such as a patient's personal values, psychological make-up, and allowance for individual clinician's perspective which may vary from professional organizational recommendations [4]. In our study, participants had the opportunity to discuss these issues with a urologist further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The US Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF), for example, did not recommend annual PSA screening for men ages 50-69 years old in 2012 [2] but revised this in 2017 that the decision to undergo PCS screening should be based on discussions with their physicians of the possible benefits and risks [3]. PSA screening remains controversial, as the risk of Prostate Cancer (PCa) varies by population groups, and the risk vs. benefit ratio of screening may not be well understood [4]. The majority of adult men over the age of 40 years surveyed in the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System Curr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Navigation-Based Telehealth Informed Decision-Making for Prostate Cancer Screening in Black Men

Ba,

Kayembe,

Littlejohn

et al. 2024

Current Oncology

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The rapid increase in telehealth has the potential to bring informed decision-making for prostate cancer screening (PCS) at the population level to high-risk individuals. We utilized a global technology platform of electronic health records data repositories (TriNetX) to determine its utility for Navigator-guided decision-making aid for PCS in Black men ages 45–79 years with no history of prostate cancer and PSA testing. Patients from Pennsylvania were invited to participate in a telehealth-delivered informed decision-making session for PCS. Focus groups, social learning theory, visual diagrams, and quantitative data on PCS risks and benefits were used to develop the content of the sessions, which included numerical discussions of risks vs. benefits in Black men. Participants completed several surveys, including baseline demographic and numeracy questionnaires, a one-on-one telehealth session with a trained Navigator, post-Navigation surveys, and an optional follow-up session with a urologist. Eighty-seven participants were consented and recruited. Although the mean numeracy score was only 1.9 out of 6, more than 90% rated as good or excellent that the sessions aided their PCS decision-making skills. This study indicates that Navigation by telehealth offers the ability to assist in informed decision-making for PCS at the population level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigation-Based Telehealth Informed Decision-Making for Prostate Cancer Screening in Black Men

Ba,

Kayembe,

Littlejohn

et al. 2024

Current Oncology

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“…The exosomes are cup-shaped or spheroid organelle, with a diameter of 30 ~ 150nm. The exosomes participates in the communication, coagulation, nucleic acid and protein metastasis between the exosomes [23,24]. Exosomes is inseparable from the process of tumors development, development, and metastasis [25,26].…”

Section: Introduction To Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Exosomes in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

Wang

Liu

2023

ann urol oncol

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Prostate cancer (Pca) is the second common cancer in men worldwide. Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screen can serve as a diagnostic marker in most of the patients with Pca, its diagnostic specificity is insufficient, and the false positive rate can result in unnecessary biopsy increasing pain and treatment costs in patients. Exosomes are source for mRNA, microRNA, non-encoded RNA, protein, and lipids. In recent years, exosome are used for assessment of tumors and serve as tumor markers for early diagnosis and disease prognosis. This article highlights the application of exosomes in connection with diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Pca.

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“…Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) are commonly used clinical PCa standard screening tools ( 4 , 5 ). PSA is a marker that reflects the pathological changes in the prostate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of digital rectal examination in patients with suspected prostate cancer: a prospective cohort analysis study

Ying,

He,

Xiong

et al. 2023

Transl Androl Urol

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Background Digital rectal examination (DRE) is a straightforward, cost-effective, practical, and time-honored physical examination method that plays a valuable role in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa). Nevertheless, with the advent of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era, the necessity of performing DRE has become a subject of debate. Our aim was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy and adjunctive role of DRE in a population (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), PI-RADS ≥3 or PSA ≥4 ng/mL) suspected of PCa. Methods Five hundred and ninety-seven patients with suspected PCa requiring referral for biopsy were prospectively enrolled consecutively from February 2020 to May 2021. All patients received DRE and corresponding clinical diagnosis by a urologist before biopsy. According to the collected clinical and pathological information, the diagnostic performance of DRE in different PSA stratifications, and its association with tumor location and Gleason score (GS) were statistically analyzed. Results Among patients with suspected cancer, the diagnostic accuracy of DRE was 63.45%. Compared with central zone or transition zone tumors, the recall rate of peripheral zone PCa with DRE-positive results was higher (65.50% vs. 34.55%). DRE-positive results were significantly correlated with GS ≥7 PCa (P<0.001), and the average GS of DRE-positive PCa patients was significantly higher than that of DRE-negative (7.92 vs. 7.11, P<0.001). Conclusions DRE may help physicians further judge the necessity of biopsy in patients with elevated PSA, and preliminarily estimate the location and invasiveness of the tumor. However, it is still necessary to explore the value of DRE in a normal PSA population.

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Prostate cancer screening: Continued controversies and novel biomarker advancements

Cited by 10 publications

References 79 publications

Navigation-Based Telehealth Informed Decision-Making for Prostate Cancer Screening in Black Men

Navigation-Based Telehealth Informed Decision-Making for Prostate Cancer Screening in Black Men

Recent Progress on Exosomes in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

Value of digital rectal examination in patients with suspected prostate cancer: a prospective cohort analysis study

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