Prostate cancer – presentation, diagnosis and treatment: what does the literature say?

Templeton, Hazel

doi:10.1111/j.1749-771x.2006.00001.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Compared to conventional surgery, HIFU treatments can be performed in a single outpatient setting with shorter recovery times which may offer significant benefits for both patients and the cost of managing the disease. [6][7][8][9] Long-term clinical followup of ultrasoundguided transrectal HIFU confirms the feasibility and efficacy of this technique for localized prostate cancer therapy, reporting acceptable local control of disease and some potential for a reduced impact on quality of life. [10][11][12][13][14] Recent investigations have demonstrated the capability of high-intensity ultrasound energy for treating prostate tissues using transrectal, interstitial or transurethral devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Coagulation of human prostate volumes with MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy: Results in gel phantoms

et al. 2012

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Purpose:The feasibility and safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy were demonstrated recently in a preliminary human study in which a small subvolume of prostate tissue was treated prior to radical prostatectomy. Translation of this technology to full clinical use, however, requires the capability to generate thermal coagulation in a volume up to that of the prostate gland itself. The aim of this study was to investigate the parameters required to treat a full 3D human prostate accurately with a multi-element transurethral applicator and multiplanar MR temperature control. Methods: The approach was a combination of simulations (to select appropriate parameters) followed by experimental confirmation in tissue-mimicking phantoms. A ten-channel, MRI-compatible transurethral ultrasound therapy system was evaluated using six human prostate models (average volume: 36 cm 3 ) obtained from the preliminary human feasibility study. Real-time multiplanar MR thermometry at 3 T was used to control the spatial heating pattern in up to nine planes simultaneously. Treatment strategies incorporated both single (4.6 or 8.1 MHz) and dual (4.6 and 14.4 MHz) frequencies, as well as maximum acoustic surface powers of 10 or 20 W cm −2 . Results: Treatments at 4.6 MHz were capable of coagulating a volume equivalent to 97% of the prostate. Increasing power from 10 to 20 W cm −2 reduced treatment times by approximately 50% with full treatments taking 26 ± 3 min at a coagulation rate of 1.8 ± 0.4 cm 3 min −1 . A dual-frequency 4.6/14.4 MHz treatment strategy was shown to be the most effective configuration for achieving full human prostate treatment while maintaining good treatment accuracy for small treatment radii. The dual-frequency approach reduced overtreatment close to the prostate base and apex, confirming the simulations. Conclusions: This study reinforces the capability of MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy to treat full prostate volumes in a short treatment time with good spatial targeting accuracy and provides key parameters necessary for the next clinical trial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Coagulation of human prostate volumes with MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy: Results in gel phantoms

et al. 2012

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“…Prostate cancer is the single most common cancer in men and remains a significant public health problem with considerable social and economic consequences [16] with increasing incidence and morbidity among black African ancestry [31,12,8]…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Online Doctor's and Patient help Desk Assistant for Early Diagnoses of Prostate Cancer in the Rural Areas of Bayelsa State

Omote

Fawei

Dienagha³

2022

IJSRCSEIT

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The shortage and unavailability of medical practitioners particularly medical doctors in the world has created deficiency in the health sector, which is even more prevalent in the developing countries. This has made rural dwellers in developing countries to experience chronic diseases like prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and so on which leads to mortality and disabilities. Prostate cancer is a male disease that occurs in the malignant tumors of the prostate epithelium. In this paper, we present an online doctor’s and patient help desk assistant for the diagnoses of prostate cancer at its early stage in the rural areas where there are no health professionals. The system offers medical assistance to patients by providing diagnostic information of their status based on a set of questions answered with respect to prostate cancer. The system is developed with Java Expert System Shell (JESS) alongside other web programming tools. The result from the system evaluation with 50 participants show greater than 95 percent accuracy on expert confirmation.

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“…[2] About 20-40% of patients have high stage tumours at the time of diagnosis comprising mainly of conventional adenocarcinoma (90%). [3] The diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma is usually made on morphological grounds; however, certain problem areas exist. [4] First in the separation of well differentiated adenocarcinoma from vast number of benign or atypical small gland proliferations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of p63 and AMACR in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Prostatic Lesions

Koshy¹,

Bavikar²

2021

Ann of Pathol and Lab Med

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Background: Prostate cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world. Since treatment options and prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinomas and benign lesions differ significantly, so, the current study using p63and AMACR was carried out with aim to evaluate the utility of immunohistochemistry in resolving ambiguous lesions of prostate. Methods: The study was conducted on 130 prostatic specimens which included prostate biopsy, TURP and prostatectomy specimens. Routine hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining using AMACR, p63 monoclonal antibody marker were performed. Results: Total of 130 cases of prostate samples were studied out of which benign lesions were seen in 102 cases (78.5%) and malignant carcinoma in 28 cases (21.5%). This study showed p63 had a sensitivity of 92.86% and specificity of 100% whereas AMACR has a sensitivity of 96.4% and specificity of 95%. BPH with prostatitis was a common finding in majority of benign lesions. All cases of LGPIN 15 cases (11.5%) were histologically associated with BPH, showing complete positivity in 12 cases (80%) and partial positivity in 3 cases (20%) with p63 immunostaining. HGPIN (1.5%) were associated with prostatic adenocarcinoma showing focal positivity whereas adenocarcinoma showed complete negativity of p63 expression (100%) and positive cytoplasmic staining with AMACR. Comparative study done between DRE, PSA, final histopathological diagnosis, expression of p63 and AMACR immunostaining gives highly significant p value of 0.001(<0.05). Conclusion: p63 and AMACR are reliable markers which can be used in morphologically difficult cases.

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Prostate cancer – presentation, diagnosis and treatment: what does the literature say?

Cited by 4 publications

References 117 publications

Coagulation of human prostate volumes with MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy: Results in gel phantoms

Coagulation of human prostate volumes with MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy: Results in gel phantoms

An Online Doctor's and Patient help Desk Assistant for Early Diagnoses of Prostate Cancer in the Rural Areas of Bayelsa State

Utility of p63 and AMACR in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Prostatic Lesions

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