Prostate cancer diagnosis by optical coherence tomography: First results from a needle based optical platform for tissue sampling

Abstract

The diagnostic accuracy of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) based optical attenuation coefficient analysis is assessed for the detection of prostate cancer. Needle-based OCT-measurements were performed on the prostate specimens. Attenuation coefficients were determined by an earlier described in-house developed software package. The mean attenuation coefficients (benign OCT data; malignant OCT data; p-value Mann-Whitney U test) were: (3.56 mm(-1) ; 3.85 mm(-1) ; p < 0.0001) for all patients combined. The area under the ROC curve was 0.64. In order to circumvent the effect of histopathology mismatching, we performed a sub-analysis on only OCT data in which tumor was visible in two subsequent histopathological prostate slices. This analysis could be performed in 3 patients. The mean attenuation coefficients (benign OCT data; malignant OCT data; p-value Mann-Whitney U test) were: (3.23 mm(-1) ; 4.11 mm(-1) ; p < 0.0001) for all patients grouped together. The area under the ROC curve was 0.89. Functional OCT of the prostate has shown to differentiate between cancer and healthy prostate tissue. The optical attenuation coefficient in malignant tissue was significantly higher in malignant tissue compared to benign prostate tissue. Further studies are required to validate these initial results in a larger group of patients with a more tailored histopathology matching protocol.

“Real-time” Assessment of Surgical Margins During Radical Prostatectomy: State-of-the-Art

“…91 Furthermore, several authors confirmed the feasibility of needle-based OCT for differentiation between benign and malignant prostatic tissues. [93][94][95][96]…”

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: A Needle-Based, In Vivo Feasibility Study Protocol (IDEAL Phase 2A) (Preprint)

“…In our measurements data will be obtained from invivo tissue, in which red blood cells will absorb and scatter light different from regular cells. Due to the perfusion of prostate tissue, the acquired data will most probably differ from the ex-vivo measurements [29,41]. Nonetheless, this study will enable us to understand the in-vivo OCT and CLE images and challenges in co-localization of acquired in-vivo data with ex-vivo histology; shrinkage of the prostate tissue (44,45), histology comparison with forward-looking CLE data or OCT data and exact location determination.…”

“…A limited number of studies has looked at OCT's diagnostic role in differentiating benign and malignant microscopic tissue of the prostate gland. Muller et al demonstrated with the use of a histopathological validation tool that ex-vivo needle-based OCT measurements of radical prostatectomy specimens can differentiate between cancer and healthy prostate tissue [27][28][29]. The quantitative analysis of OCT signal by means of the attenuation coefficient was significantly higher in malignant compared to benign tissue with an area under the curve ranging from 0.64 -0.89 depending on the histopathological analysis used [29].…”

One‐to‐one registration of en‐face optical coherence tomography attenuation coefficients with histology of a prostatectomy specimen

“…In organs with high tissue heterogeneity, such as the prostate, one‐to‐one registration with the histological specimen is required. Previous work has shown the possibility to acquire needle‐based OCT data in human prostate and relate this to benign or malignant tissue, qualitatively and quantitatively . Prostate tissue, however, cannot only be categorized as benign or malignant but contains many different tissue types, and therefore analysis of whole‐mount data is required.…”