Prostate cancer and therapeutic challenges

Hawsawi, Yousef MohammedRabaa; Zailaie, Samar; Oyouni, Atif Abdulwahab A.; Alzahrani, Othman R.; Al‐Amer, Osama; Aljohani, Saad Ali S.

doi:10.1186/s40709-020-00128-z

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The major causes of IDA in Saudi Arabia include inadequate consumption of Vitamin C, infrequent consumption of red meat and fish, and genetic/or family history of IDA [ 8 , 10 ]. Several polymorphisms have been previously reported in the Saudi population as causative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in diseases such as breast cancer [ 12 – 16 ], colon cancer [ 17 – 19 ], diffuse parenchymal lung disease [ 20 ], and acute myeloid leukemia [ 21 , 22 ]. In addition, genetic risk factors for IDA and causative genes have also been identified including the TMPRSS6 gene [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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Background Globally, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a major health obstacle. This health condition has been identified in 47% of pre-school students (aged 0 to 5 years), 42% of pregnant females, and 30% of non-pregnant females (aged 15 to 50 years) worldwide according to the WHO. Environmental and genetic factors play a crucial role in the development of IDA; genetic testing has revealed the association of a number of polymorphisms with iron status and serum ferritin. Aim The current study aims to reveal the association of TMPRSS6 rs141312 and BMP2 rs235756 with the iron status of females in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cohort of 108 female university students aged 18–25 years was randomly selected to participate: 50 healthy and 58 classified as iron deficient. A 3–5 mL sample of blood was collected from each one and analyzed based on hematological and biochemical iron status followed by genotyping by PCR. Results The genotype distribution of TMPRSS6 rs141312 was 8% (TT), 88% (TC) and 4% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 89.66% (TC) and 6.89% (CC) in the iron-deficient group (P = 0.492), an insignificant difference in the allelic distribution. The genotype distribution of BMP2 rs235756 was 8% (TT), 90% (TC) and 2% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 82.76% (TC) and 13.79% (CC) in iron-deficient group (P = 0.050) and was significantly associated with decreased ferritin status (P = 0.050). In addition, TMPRSS6 rs141312 is significantly (P<0.001) associated with dominant genotypes (TC+CC) and increased risk of IDA while BMP2 rs235756 is significantly (P<0.026) associated with recessive homozygote CC genotypes and increased risk of IDA. Conclusion Our finding potentially helps in the early prediction of iron deficiency in females through the genetic testing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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“…Male and female reproductive cancers remain one of the biggest health concerns worldwide due to the high prevalence, yet therapeutic management remains a great challenge. A low survival rate reflects the lack of efficient treatments and risks of recurrence ( Garcia-Aranda and Redondo, 2019 ; Hanna et al, 2020 ; Hawsawi et al, 2020 ). Current treatments for reproductive cancers bring fertility-related side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2050, an estimated 6.9 million new cancers will be diagnosed in adults aged 80 years or older worldwide (20.5% of all cancer cases) ( Pilleron et al, 2021 ). Among both male and female, reproductive cancer contributes to a high incidence and mortality on the causes of death worldwide ( Garcia-Aranda and Redondo, 2019 ; Hawsawi et al, 2020 ). The following cancers are exclusive to the female reproductive system including cancer originating at the ovary (ovarian cancer), cervix uteri (cervical cancer), and corpus uteri (endometrial cancer).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Regulates Autophagy in Male and Female Reproductive Cancer

Hung

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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With a rich abundance of natural polyphenols, green tea has become one of the most popular and healthiest nonalcoholic beverages being consumed worldwide. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the predominant catechin found in green tea, which has been shown to promote numerous health benefits, including metabolic regulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Clinical studies have also shown the inhibitory effects of EGCG on cancers of the male and female reproductive system, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, breast, testicular, and prostate cancers. Autophagy is a natural, self-degradation process that serves important functions in both tumor suppression and tumor cell survival. Naturally derived products have the potential to be an effective and safe alternative in balancing autophagy and maintaining homeostasis during tumor development. Although EGCG has been shown to play a critical role in the suppression of multiple cancers, its role as autophagy modulator in cancers of the male and female reproductive system remains to be fully discussed. Herein, we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge of EGCG in targeting autophagy and its related signaling mechanism in reproductive cancers. Effects of EGCG on regulating autophagy toward reproductive cancers as a single therapy or cotreatment with other chemotherapies will be reviewed and compared. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms and crosstalk of EGCG between autophagy and other cellular processes, such as reactive oxidative stress, ER stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, will be summarized. The present review will help to shed light on the significance of green tea as a potential therapeutic treatment for reproductive cancers through regulating autophagy.

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“…Mice with TEX19 double knockout (TEX19DKO) or single TEX19.1KO exhibited a fully penetrant phenotype with impaired spermatogenesis, testis degeneration, small testes (Yang et al, 2010 ), in oogenesis (Reichmann et al, 2020 ) defects in meiotic chromosome synapsis, persistence of DNA double‐strand breaks during meiosis, lack of post‐meiotic germ cells, and upregulation of MMERVK10C expression (Ollinger et al, 2008 ; Tarabay et al, 2013 , 2017 ). However, TEX19.2KO mice presented only a subtle phenotype with discrete seminiferous tubule degeneration in adult male testes (Hawsawi et al, 2020 ; Tarabay et al, 2017 ). TEX19.1 is the only transcripts present in developing and adult ovaries as well as in the placenta and TEX19.1KO mouse embryos exhibit intrauterine growth retardation and have small placentas due to reduced number of spongiotrophoblast, glycogen trophoblast and sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells (Reichmann et al, 2013 ; Tarabay et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico modeling of the interaction between TEX19 and LIRE1, and analysis of TEX19 gene missense SNPs

Alzahrani

Hawsawi

Altayeb

et al. 2021

Molec Gen & Gen Med

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Background Testis expressed 19 (TEX19) is a specific human stem cell gene identified as cancer‐testis antigen (CTA), which emerged as a potential therapeutic drug target. TEX19.1, a mouse paralog of human TEX19, can interact with LINE‐1 retrotransposable element ORF1 protein (LIRE1) and subsequently restrict mobilization of LINE‐1 elements in the genome. Aim This study aimed to predict the interaction of TEX19 with LIRE1 and analyze TEX19 missense polymorphisms. TEX19 model was generated using I‐TASSER and the interaction between TEX19 and LIRE1 was studied using the HADDOCK software. Methods The stability of the docking formed complex was studied through the molecular dynamic simulation using GROMACS. Missense SNPs (n=102) of TEX19 were screened for their potential effects on protein structure and function using different software. Results Outcomes of this study revealed amino acids that potentially stabilize the predicted interaction interface between TEX19 and LIRE1. Of these SNPs, 37 were predicted to play a probably damaging role for the protein, three of them (F35S, P61R, and E55L) located at the binding site of LIRE1 and could disturb this binding affinity. Conclusion This information can be verified by further in vitro and in vivo experimentations and could be exploited for potential therapeutic targets.

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Prostate cancer and therapeutic challenges

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia

Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia

Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Regulates Autophagy in Male and Female Reproductive Cancer

In silico modeling of the interaction between TEX19 and LIRE1, and analysis of TEX19 gene missense SNPs

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