Prostate cancer: an emerging threat to the health of aging men in Asia

Zhang, Ling; Yang, Baofeng; Zhang, Haitao; Wang, Jinguo; Wang, Hongliang; Zhao, Xin

doi:10.1038/aja.2010.126

Cited by 70 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Some differences were likely related to differences in clinical practices; for example, PSA screening is less common in Japan than in Western countries, so patients are often diagnosed at a more advanced stage. 20,21 A higher percentage of Japanese patients had a Gleason score of 8 or higher and bone disease at baseline, with more patients having at least 10 bone metastases, than those in the overall population, all suggesting a higher disease burden. However, Japanese patients reported less baseline pain, had less soft-tissue disease and had lower median PSA at baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzalutamide in Japanese patients with chemotherapy‐naïve, metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A post‐hoc analysis of the placebo‐controlled PREVAIL trial

et al. 2016

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Objectives: To evaluate the treatment effects, safety and pharmacokinetics of enzalutamide in Japanese patients. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the phase 3, double-blind, placebocontrolled PREVAIL trial. Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic chemotherapy-na€ ıve patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing on androgen deprivation therapy were randomized one-to-one to 160 mg/day oral enzalutamide or placebo until discontinuation on radiographic progression or skeletal-related event and initiation of subsequent antineoplastic therapy. Coprimary end-points were centrally assessed radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival. Secondary endpoints were investigator-assessed radiographic progression-free survival, time to initiation of chemotherapy, time to prostate-specific antigen progression, prostatespecific antigen response (≥50% decline) and time to skeletal-related event.Results: Of 1717 patients, 61 were enrolled in Japan (enzalutamide, n = 28; placebo, n = 33); hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 0.30 for centrally assessed radiographic progression-free survival (0.03-2.95), 0.59 for overall survival (0.20-1.8), 0.46 for time to chemotherapy (0.22-0.96) and 0.36 for time to prostate-specific antigen progression (0.17-0.75) showed the treatment benefit of enzalutamide over the placebo. Prostate-specific antigen responses were observed in 60.7% of enzalutamide-treated men versus 21.2% of placebo-treated men. Plasma concentrations of enzalutamide were higher in Japanese patients: the geometric mean ratio of Japanese/non-Japanese patients was 1.126 (90% confidence interval 1.018-1.245) at 13 weeks. Treatment-related adverse events grade ≥3 occurred in 3.6% of enzalutamide-and 6.1% of placebo-treated Japanese patients. Conclusion: Treatment effects and safety in Japanese patients were generally consistent with the overall results from PREVAIL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzalutamide in Japanese patients with chemotherapy‐naïve, metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A post‐hoc analysis of the placebo‐controlled PREVAIL trial

et al. 2016

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“…In China, it has been estimated that more than 200 000 cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed annually. 2 For patients with locally confined prostate cancer, radiation therapy is one of the most commonly used treatment modalities. The aim of radiotherapy is to deliver an effective dose of radiation to the prostatic tumour while minimising the injury to surrounding normal tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer in Chinese patients

Poon¹,

Chan²,

Leung³

et al. 2013

Hong Kong Med J

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“…1,2 There were an estimated 192 280 newly diagnosed cases of PCa and 27 360 deaths from PCa in the United States in 2008; in particular, the incidence in the Africa-American population was approximately 60 times that of the Han population in China. [1][2][3] The aetiology of human PCa is complex and remains largely unknown. 3,4 The human mouse double-minute 2 protein (MDM2) is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that binds, inhibits and promotes the degradation of the tumour suppressor protein p53.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risks, degree of malignancy and clinical progression of prostate cancer associated with the MDM2 T309G polymorphism: a meta-analysis

Yang¹,

Gao²,

Song³

et al. 2012

Asian J Androl

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To determine the risk, malignant degree and clinical progression of prostate cancer (PCa) associated with mouse double-minute 2 protein (MDM2) T309G variants, a meta-analysis was performed on all eligible published studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess these associations in seven studies that included 5151 cases and 1003 controls. In the overall analysis, the 309G allele was significantly associated with a decreased PCa risk (OR50.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.97); this was also the case for the homozygous comparison (OR50.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95) and the dominant genetic model (OR50.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96). The 309G allele was also found to be significantly associated with lower degrees of PCa malignancy (OR50.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.96) in the overall analysis, as well as in the heterozygous comparison (OR50.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96), homozygous comparison (OR50.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98) and dominant genetic model (OR50.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.96). Furthermore, grouping analysis showed that the 309G allele in Caucasians was significantly correlated with a decreased PCa risk (OR50.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.96); this was also the case in the homozygous comparison (OR50.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.86). The grouping analysis also showed that the 309G variant in Caucasians was significantly associated with a lower degree of PCa malignancy in all of the genetic models. In addition, we found that the 309G variant in Caucasians was significantly associated with a slower PCa clinical progression in all of the genetic models. In summary, our meta-analysis showed that the MDM2 309G variant was significantly associated with a decreased PCa risk, lower malignant degree and slower clinical progression in Caucasians, but there was no obvious association in the Asian population.

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Prostate cancer: an emerging threat to the health of aging men in Asia

Cited by 70 publications

References 21 publications

Enzalutamide in Japanese patients with chemotherapy‐naïve, metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A post‐hoc analysis of the placebo‐controlled PREVAIL trial

Enzalutamide in Japanese patients with chemotherapy‐naïve, metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A post‐hoc analysis of the placebo‐controlled PREVAIL trial

Efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer in Chinese patients

The risks, degree of malignancy and clinical progression of prostate cancer associated with the MDM2 T309G polymorphism: a meta-analysis

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