Prostate Cancer

Thorpe, C.S.; Bhangoo, R.S.; Anderson, Justin D.; Shen, Jiajian; Vargas, Carlos

doi:10.1002/9781119707530.ch21

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…2 time. The lymph nodes and bone are common sites where prostate cancer metastasizes; it is hypothesized that the prostatic venous plexus's connection to the spinal veins contributes to the latter [3]. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there are 1,414,259 new cases of prostate cancer (PCa) each year, making it the second most common cancer in men and the fifth greatest cause of cancer-related mortality globally [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiproliferative Activity of Euphorbia ingens Extract against Prostate Cancer Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Analysis

Okpako¹,

Ng’ong’a²,

Kyama³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Euphorbia ingens is traditionally used to treat and manage cancer in Ambeere community of Embu County in Kenya. Whilst research has demonstrated the bioactivities of E. ingens including antimicrobial, antitubercular and antifungal activities, scientific validation of its anticancer properties is limited. This study evaluated the antiproliferative potentials of E. ingens on human prostate cancer cell line (DU-145). The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to assess the antiproliferative activity, chemical constituents were analysed by qualitative colour method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. At the same time, the investigation of putative molecular targets and mechanisms of action of E. ingens was done through network pharmacological analysis. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out to validate the network predictions of putative targets. Our result showed E. ingens ethyl acetate inhibited DU-145 growth (IC50 of 9.71 ± 0.4 µg/ml) with a high selectivity index of 8.26. There was the presence of phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and saponins; additional 18 compounds were identified by the GC-MS approach. ESR1, IL6, MMP9, CDK2, MAP2K1, AR, PRKCD, CDK1, CDC25B, and JAK2 were indicated as key targets of E. ingens against prostate cancer with the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and p53 signalling pathways identified as the most probable mechanisms of action. There was significant downregulation of AR and BCL2, and upregulation of p53 and caspase-3 in E. ingens-treated DU-145 cells compared to 0.2 % DMSO negative control. Our results suggest that E. ingens has phytochemical compounds efficacious at inhibiting the proliferation of DU-145 cells; therefore, the plant can be considered a potential source of compounds that may be used to manage and treat prostate cancer; however, further in vivo evaluations are needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiproliferative Activity of Euphorbia ingens Extract against Prostate Cancer Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Analysis

Okpako¹,

Ng’ong’a²,

Kyama³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Prostate cancer (PC) and colon cancer are major types of cancer that significantly impact health and mortality globally [ 1 ]. Prostate cancer (PC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in men, representing the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality [ 2 , 3 ]. In 2020, this equated to 1,414,249 newly diagnosed cases and 375,000 fatalities per year worldwide due to this disease [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoquinone Potentially Modulates the Expression of Key Onco- and Tumor Suppressor miRNAs in Prostate and Colon Cancer Cell Lines: Insights from PC3 and HCT-15 Cells

Osorio-Pérez,

Estrada-Meza,

Ruiz-Manriquez

et al. 2023

Genes

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Prostate cancer (PC) and colon cancer significantly contribute to global cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Thymoquinone (TQ), a naturally occurring phytochemical found in black cumin, has shown potential as an anticancer compound. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TQ on the expression profile of key tumor suppressor and onco-suppressor miRNAs in PC3 prostate cancer cells and HCT-15 colon cancer cells. Cell viability assays revealed that TQ inhibited the growth of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of approximately 82.59 μM for HCT-15 and 55.83 μM for PC3 cells. Following TQ treatment at the IC50 concentrations, miRNA expression analysis demonstrated that TQ significantly downregulated miR-21-5p expression in HCT-15 cells and upregulated miR-34a-5p, miR-221-5p, miR-17-5p, and miR-21-5p expression in PC3 cells. However, no significant changes were observed in the expression levels of miR-34a-5p and miR-200a-5p in HCT-15 cells. The current findings suggest that TQ might exert its antiproliferative effects by modulating specific tumor suppressor and onco-suppressor miRNAs in prostate and colon cancer cells. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the precise underlying mechanisms and to explore the therapeutic potential of TQ in cancer treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the effect of TQ on the miRNA expression profile in colon and prostate cancer cell lines.

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Prostate Cancer

Cited by 2 publications

References 114 publications

Antiproliferative Activity of Euphorbia ingens Extract against Prostate Cancer Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Analysis

Antiproliferative Activity of Euphorbia ingens Extract against Prostate Cancer Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Analysis

Thymoquinone Potentially Modulates the Expression of Key Onco- and Tumor Suppressor miRNAs in Prostate and Colon Cancer Cell Lines: Insights from PC3 and HCT-15 Cells

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