Prostaglandin biosynthesis in the skin of the plaice Pleuronectes platessa L.

Anderson, Alison; Fletcher, Thelma C.; Smith, G.M.

doi:10.1016/0306-4492(81)90051-4

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The conversion of AA to PGE was blocked by equimolar concentrations of EPA and DHA, suggesting that this modulation may occur through interference with eicosanoid production. This is in agreement with earlier studies showing that the conversion of AA to PGs was blocked by the concurrent addition of equimolar concentrations of EPA in homogenates of turbot gill [31] and plaice skin [32]. As EPA also inhibits PGE 2 -stimulated T production, the modulatory actions of this fatty acid are further exerted beyond PGE 2 production by an undetermined mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Release and Steroidogenic Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Goldfish Testis1

Wade

Kraak

Gerrits

et al. 1994

Biology of Reproduction

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The aim of the present study was to examine the role of several polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the control of steroidogenesis in the goldfish testis. The release of fatty acids from testis tissue in response to the protein kinase C activator phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 was studied. After a 2-h incubation, goldfish testis tissue released detectable amounts of several fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Treatment with PMA (100 nM) and A23187 (1 microM) increased the release of arachidonic acid (AA) and, to a lesser extent, of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Further experiments showed that AA (100 and 400 microM) and, to a lesser extent, eicosatrienoic acid (ETA; 400 microM)--but not EPA or DHA (both 400 microM)--stimulated testicular testosterone (T) production via an indomethacin (INDO; 40 microM)--sensitive pathway, suggesting that these effects may be mediated through conversion to prostaglandins (PG). E-series PGs formed directly from ETA, AA, or EPA (PGE1, PGE2, or PGE3, respectively) all stimulate T production, with relative potencies of PGE2 > PGE1 > PGE3. The inability to detect ETA release from testis incubates and the limited effect of EPA on steroid production suggest that PGE2 represents the predominant E-series PG formed under physiological conditions in the goldfish testis. The steroidogenic action of AA was blocked by treatment with EPA or DHA, and this effect is due, partly, to inhibition of PGE2 formation from AA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Release and Steroidogenic Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Goldfish Testis1

Wade

Kraak

Gerrits

et al. 1994

Biology of Reproduction

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“…Conversion of AA to prostanoids in gills and other tissues has been reported in several teleost fish ( Nomura and Ogata 1976;Ogata et al 1978;Anderson et al 1981;Bandyopadhyay et al 1982, Cagen et al 1983; Srivastava and Mustafa 1984;Henderson et al 1985;Van Praag et al 1987). The high PGE 2 synthesis in rainbow trout gills reported in this study is consistent with observations on carp gills (Ogata et al 1978), eel and flounder gills (Srivastava and Mustafa 1984), and killifish gills (Van Praag et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Arachidonic acid metabolism in gill homogenate and isolated gill cells from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: the effect of osmolality, electrolytes and prolactin

Beckman¹,

Mustafa²

1992

Fish Physiol Biochem

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An assay method based on thin layer chromatography to study the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in gill tissues was optimized and the effect of osmotically different incubation mediums on AA metabolism was evaluated. Rainbow trout gill tissues metabolize AA into PGE2 in highest concentration followed by PGD2, PGF2α and 6-keto-PGF1α (the stable metabolite of PGI2) among the prostanoids tested. Approximately 40% of PGE2 is synthesized within the first minute of incubation and is directly dependent on the substrate concentration (AA). As in mammalian tissues, PGE2 synthesis in fish gills is inhibited by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. PGE2 synthesis in gill homogenate and isolated gill cells incubated in trout Ringer was 0.45 and 1.9 ng/mg protein, respectively, and increased to 8.9 and 4.3 ng/mg protein, respectively, when incubated in KPO4 buffer, due to a ten-fold increase in the free AA. The hydroxy acid synthesis of the gill homogenate was higher (13%), and that of the isolated gill cells incubated in KPO4 buffer was lower (44%) compared to gill homogenate and cells incubated in trout Ringer. Gill homogenate incubated in 50 mM phosphate buffer with increasing sodium or potassium concentrations (up to 250 mM) exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in PGE2 synthesis (220% and 72%, respectively). Prolactin stimulated the PGE2 synthesis up to 30% while PGD2, PGF2α and 6-keto-PGF1α synthesis was not affected. This effect of prolactin was maximal when PGE2 synthesis was estimated 30 minutes after prolactin addition and diminished after two hours. These results suggest that rainbow trout gills possess the ability to metabolize AA through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. PGE2 synthesis may be under the influence of ion balance and prolactin availability, indicating the probable involvement of AA metabolites in the regulation of ion balances across the gill membrane.

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“…This hypothesis was supported by studies comparing the conversion of 20:4(n-6) and 20:5(n-3) to eicosanoids which showed that 20:4 (n-6) was the preferred substrate in plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) skin (Anderson et al 1981) and neutrophils (Tocher and Sargent 1987) and various turbot tissues . The data from the present study show that PI in the TF cells have the same composition described previously and that mechanisms exist for maintaining that composition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Incorporation and metabolism of (n-3) and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid classes in cultured turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cells

Tocher

Mackinlay

1990

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The incorporation and metabolism of various (n-3) and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplemented to the culture medium was investigated in a turbot cell line (TF). The distribution, and the occurrence and extent of further metabolism of incorporated PUFA via desaturation/elongation mechanisms in specific phospholipid classes was determined from the different fatty acid compositions. The cells contained Δ6 and Δ4 desaturase activities but were generally deficient in C18-20 elongase activity. Δ5 Desaturase activity was generally masked by this deficiency but was present. The compositional data indicated that there was a high degree of specificity between individual phospholipid classes and particular fatty acids probably driven by the specificities of the acylating enzymes. The highest percentages of the supplemented acids were generally observed in the phosphatidic acid/cardiolipin fraction (PA/CL), suggesting a role for PA in the incorporation of the supplemented acids into the phospholipid pool. PI had a characteristic composition consistent with a putative role as a pool of precursor fatty acid for eicosanoid synthesis. Mechanisms were evident for generating and/or maintaining this composition.

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Prostaglandin biosynthesis in the skin of the plaice Pleuronectes platessa L.

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Release and Steroidogenic Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Goldfish Testis1

Release and Steroidogenic Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Goldfish Testis1

Arachidonic acid metabolism in gill homogenate and isolated gill cells from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: the effect of osmolality, electrolytes and prolactin

Incorporation and metabolism of (n-3) and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid classes in cultured turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cells

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