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Quantitative samples of fish, crabs and shrimps from the Razdolnaya estuary are analyzed. The area surveyed in May-September of 1990–2014 includes the internal estuary of this largest river of southern Primorye and its external estuary — the top of the Amur Bay with the depth < 13 m. In total, 478 samples were collected: 244 in the external estuary by trawl and 234 in the internal estuary by fry seine. Distribution density and biomass are calculated using the «areal» method with certain coefficients of catchability (1.0 for fry seine). The upper freshwater layer (salinity 0–5 ‰) was observed in the lower stream of the river till sandy bar, the brackish-water cline was traced at the river bottom from the mouth to the distance 10–15 km upstream. The seawater with salinity > 30 ‰ did not penetrate over sand bar to the river. Species diversity of fish and decapods was presented by 108 taxa (fishes — 88, decapods — 20) belonged to 43 families, among them 84 species were caught in the Amur Bay and 41 species in the Razdolnaya, but no more than 67 species were caught in the Amur Bay only and 24 species — in the Razdolnaya only, other 17 species were found in both external and internal estuaries (Acanthogobius flavimanus, Acanthogobius lactipes, Crangon septemspinosa, Crangon spp., Eriocheir japonica, Hypomesus nipponensis, Giporhamphus sajori, Konosirus punctatus, Liopsetta pinnifasciata, Oncorhynchus masou masou, Palaemon sp., Pholis nebulosa, Planiliza haematocheila, Pugettia quadridens, Salangichthys microdon, Syngnathus schlegeli and Tribolodon spp.). Total biomass was higher (9.1 g/m2 ) in the external estuary than in the internal estuary (6.7 g/m2 ) with the mean value 9.0 g/m2 . It was almost uniform over the internal estuary with only slight increasing on the distance about 5 km from the mouth. Simpson index of dominance increases from external to internal estuary but decreases in the river in the order: 0.127 at Peschany Peninsula — 0.168 in the northwestern Amur Bay — from 0.193 to 0.252 in the internal estuary — 0.164 in the river. Six clusters with similar species composition are defined, they change in direction from the sea to the river in the following order of the dominant species: L. pinnifasciata in the sea — prawns gen. Palaemon at the bar (upper part of the external estuary) — P. haematocheila at the river mouth (lower part of the internal estuary) — P. haematocheila and E. japonica in the main part of the internal estuary — Acanthorhodeus chankaensis and Gobio macrocephalus (with the highest biomass up to 22 g/m2 ) in the minor adjoining river stream — G. macrocephalus in the upper part of the internal estuary.
Quantitative samples of fish, crabs and shrimps from the Razdolnaya estuary are analyzed. The area surveyed in May-September of 1990–2014 includes the internal estuary of this largest river of southern Primorye and its external estuary — the top of the Amur Bay with the depth < 13 m. In total, 478 samples were collected: 244 in the external estuary by trawl and 234 in the internal estuary by fry seine. Distribution density and biomass are calculated using the «areal» method with certain coefficients of catchability (1.0 for fry seine). The upper freshwater layer (salinity 0–5 ‰) was observed in the lower stream of the river till sandy bar, the brackish-water cline was traced at the river bottom from the mouth to the distance 10–15 km upstream. The seawater with salinity > 30 ‰ did not penetrate over sand bar to the river. Species diversity of fish and decapods was presented by 108 taxa (fishes — 88, decapods — 20) belonged to 43 families, among them 84 species were caught in the Amur Bay and 41 species in the Razdolnaya, but no more than 67 species were caught in the Amur Bay only and 24 species — in the Razdolnaya only, other 17 species were found in both external and internal estuaries (Acanthogobius flavimanus, Acanthogobius lactipes, Crangon septemspinosa, Crangon spp., Eriocheir japonica, Hypomesus nipponensis, Giporhamphus sajori, Konosirus punctatus, Liopsetta pinnifasciata, Oncorhynchus masou masou, Palaemon sp., Pholis nebulosa, Planiliza haematocheila, Pugettia quadridens, Salangichthys microdon, Syngnathus schlegeli and Tribolodon spp.). Total biomass was higher (9.1 g/m2 ) in the external estuary than in the internal estuary (6.7 g/m2 ) with the mean value 9.0 g/m2 . It was almost uniform over the internal estuary with only slight increasing on the distance about 5 km from the mouth. Simpson index of dominance increases from external to internal estuary but decreases in the river in the order: 0.127 at Peschany Peninsula — 0.168 in the northwestern Amur Bay — from 0.193 to 0.252 in the internal estuary — 0.164 in the river. Six clusters with similar species composition are defined, they change in direction from the sea to the river in the following order of the dominant species: L. pinnifasciata in the sea — prawns gen. Palaemon at the bar (upper part of the external estuary) — P. haematocheila at the river mouth (lower part of the internal estuary) — P. haematocheila and E. japonica in the main part of the internal estuary — Acanthorhodeus chankaensis and Gobio macrocephalus (with the highest biomass up to 22 g/m2 ) in the minor adjoining river stream — G. macrocephalus in the upper part of the internal estuary.
Within Peter the Great Bay, common icefish Salangichthys microdon forms commercially valuable aggregations in two areas of the Amur Bay and in one area of the Ussuri Bay. It spawns in the internal estuaries of the rivers entered to the bays and in the external estuarine zones in the tops of the bays, mostly on small pebble grounds from late April to late May and feeds in the bays waters. Data on its size and weight composition were obtained in 2017–2018 both from the Amur Bay (for spawning period) and from the Ussuri Bay (for feeding period). During the spawning (on May 6 and May 18), the body length was 59–90 mm, on average 74.9 mm, and the weight was about 750 mg; sex ratio males : females was 1.0 : 0.8. During the feeding, the average body length was 66.8 mm.
Japanese icefish Salangichthys microdon is a commercial but little studied species in the Far Eastern waters of Russia. The intraseasonal and interannual dynamics of estimates of the abundance of noodle fish in estuaries is characterized by sharp fluctuations: the values of the minimum and maximum estimates differ by more than 100 times. The instant total mortality rate of fish noodles is 2,06, and the total annual mortality rate is 0,87.
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