Prospects of titanium carbide-based MXene in heavy metal ion and radionuclide adsorption for wastewater remediation: A review

Towards hospital-on-chip supported by 2D MXenes-based 5th generation intelligent biosensors

“…The first concern related to 5th generation biosensors is catered by architecting advanced functional nanoplatforms and engineering their physicochemical attributes. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene and its derivatives, metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), metal borides (MBenes), metal-organic framework, metal dichalcogenides and borophene, due to their high specific surface area have emerged as excellent biosensing platforms with enhanced detection and monitoring efficacies ( Ahmed et al, 2020 ; Chakraborty et al, 2018 ; Chaudhary et al, 2022e , 2022a ; Dwivedi et al, 2021 ; Ho et al, 2021 ; Huang et al, 2020 ; Jiang et al, 2020 ; Naguib et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2022 ; Zha et al, 2019 ; H. Zhang et al, 2022 ) Amongst all, MXenes have demonstrated enormous potential in detecting and monitoring the diversified biomolecules utilizing various strategies, encompassing electrical, electronic, electrochemical, optical, acoustic and plasmonic modules ( Chaudhary et al, 2022a , 2022c , 2022e ; Sheth et al, 2022 ). It is attributed to the high effective surface area, tunable physicochemical attributes, and rich surface functionalities of MXenes, which contribute to enhanced monitoring performances.…”

“…The biosensors, designed according to the electrochemical modules for high sensitivity and selectivity of smaller biomolecules or biomes in the solution phase, have been illustrated. MXenes, owing to rich electron-terminal surface chemistries that attract positively charged biomolecules, had been expected as attractive electrochemical biosensing receptors as well as transducers ( Chaudhary et al, 2022e , 2022c ; Shahzad et al, 2019 ; Sheth et al, 2022 ; Wu et al, 2019 ; Yao et al, 2020 ; Y. Zhang et al, 2019 ).…”

Emergence of MXene–Polymer Hybrid Nanocomposites as High‐Performance Next‐Generation Chemiresistors for Efficient Air Quality Monitoring

“…The polymer insertion exfoliates the MXene layered structure resulting in superior effective surface area and porosity in MXP HNCs. Additionally, several studies have demonstrated enhancements in the specific surface area of MXenes due to inclusion of NPs in MXP HNCs, required for several advanced applications such as energy (areal capaci tance), [141,142] heavy metal removal in the context of adsorp tion efficiency [143] and gas/vapor sensor through a surge in interlayer layer distance. [80,130,144] These investigations were wellcharacterized using Xray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tunneling electron microscopy (TEM), BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) analysis.…”

Surface Functionalized MXenes for Wastewater Treatment—A Comprehensive Review

“…critically reviewed and summarized the synthesis and properties of MXenes to demonstrate the key roles in ameliorating their adsorption performance as shown in the removal of gases, organics, heavy metals, and radionuclides. [ 45 ] In more recent publications, Kwon gives a general review on the synthesis, surface chemistry, interlayer tuning, membrane fabrication, and application of MXene‐based materials for water purification, Dixit presents a state‐of‐the‐art review on water treatment and desalination using MXene composites, [ 46 ] Berkani reviews the fabrication methods, structural and chemical modifications, and application of MXene and MXene‐based composites for water treatment, [ 47 ] Sheth reviews synthesis techniques, optimization of desired adsorption properties, regeneration and adsorption mechanism of MXenes in removing noxious pollutant from water, [ 48 ] and Vasseghian reviews the sonocatalytic degradation of pollutants using MXene‐based catalysts.…”