Prospects of nanocomposite membranes for water treatment by osmotic-driven membrane processes

Khorshidi, Behnam; Shabani, Simin; Sadrzadeh, Mohtada

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00011-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Among the techniques, phase inversion and electrospinning have been scaled-up for industrial production. 180,181 Phase inversion is a demixing (liquid−liquid demixing) process whereby a homogeneous polymeric solution is transformed in a controlled manner from a single-phase solution to two solid and liquid phases. During the solvent− nonsolvent interaction (demixing), the polymer-rich phase (solvent) is destabilized as the local concentration of the polymer increases, and the polymer solubility decreases.…”

Section: Dye Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymer-Based Devices and Remediation Strategies for Emerging Contaminants in Water

Alipoori

Rouhi

Linn

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The capturing of water contaminants and the remediation of water bodies is an important concern to human health due to severe side effects of contaminants on the body such as cancer. Pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, dyes, and chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are a few of the toxic pollutants that cause serious damage to the environment, humans, and animals. Meanwhile, scientists in the fields of polymer nanotechnology and nanoscience have been investigating tremendous solutions for eliminating water pollution to ensure environmental safety. Among all methods of water purification, adsorption is an important and versatile technique for remediation and has been used to remove toxic elements from water-based materials for many years. Using polymer-based materials as an adsorbent is very common to purify polluted waters. The main factors to evaluate adsorbent performance are adsorption capacity (maximum contaminant uptake by adsorbent), adsorption rate (how fast the adsorbent adsorbs contaminants), contaminant selectivity (adsorption of a specific contaminant among other ones), and adsorbent reusability (ability of adsorbent to remove contaminants in consecutive order), which are compared in this work. These factors are affected by pH, temperature, contact time, and also type, dosage, and morphology of the adsorbent. Natural and synthetic polymers in different types of films, membranes, nanocomposites, porous materials, and hydrogels with functional groups such as hydroxyl, amine, carboxyl, and amide are used as a selective material to adsorb water contaminants. Serious needs to remediate the water base from several contaminants direct the researchers to utilize polymer-based adsorbents with the ability to adsorb multiple contaminants simultaneously in the shortest possible time. This work reviews different water contaminants and their removal mechanisms and detection using nanodevices and polymer-based adsorbents.

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Section: Dye Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different fabrication methods, such as phase inversion, track etching, electrospinning, and stretching have been used for preparation of MMMs. Among the techniques, phase inversion and electrospinning have been scaled-up for industrial production. , …”

Section: Dye Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Devices and Remediation Strategies for Emerging Contaminants in Water

Alipoori

Rouhi

Linn

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Reverse osmosis (RO) is a pressure-driven membrane process that has applications spanning from desalination to industrial wastewater treatment. , For more than four decades, thin-film composite (TFC) membranes have been the most common type of RO membranes . A TFC membrane has a layered structure consisting of an ultrathin cross-linked polyamide layer coated on a mechanically robust porous substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodiamond-Enabled Thin-Film Nanocomposite Polyamide Membranes for High-Temperature Water Treatment

Karami

Khorshidi

Shamaei

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Despite growing demands for high-temperature wastewater treatment, most available polymeric membranes are limited to mild operating temperatures (<50 °C) and become less efficient at high temperatures. Herein we show how to make thermally stable reverse osmosis thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes by embedding nanodiamond (ND) particles. Polyamide composite layers containing different loadings of surface-modified ND particles were synthesized through interfacial polymerization. The reactive functional groups and the hydrophilic surface of the NDs intensified the interactions of the nanoparticles with the polymer matrix and increased the surface wettability of the TFN membranes. Contact angle measurement showed a maximum decrease from 88.4° for the pristine membrane to 58.3° for the TFN membrane fabricated with 400 ppm ND particles. The addition of ND particles and ethyl acetate created larger surface features on the polyamide surface of TFN membranes. The average roughness of the membranes increased from 108.4 nm for the pristine membrane to 177.5 nm for the TFN membrane prepared with highest ND concentration. The ND-modified TFN membranes showed a higher pure water flux (up to 76.5 LMH) than the pristine membrane (17 LMH) at ambient temperature at 220 psi and room temperature. The TFN membrane with the highest loading of ND particles overcame the trade-off relation between the water flux and NaCl rejection with 76.5 LMH and 97.3% when 2000 ppm of NaCl solution was filtered at 220 psi. Furthermore, with increasing ND concentration, the TFN membrane showed a lower flux decline at high temperatures over time. The TFN400 prepared with 400 ppm of m-phenylene diamine functionalized ND particles had a 13% flux decline over a 9 h filtration test at 75 °C. This research provides a promising path to the development of high-performance TFN membranes with enhanced thermal stability for the treatment of wastewaters at high temperatures.

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Thermocapillary patterning of non-Newtonian thin films

et al. 2022

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Deformation of thin viscous liquid films exposed to a transverse thermal gradient results in Bénard-Marangoni instability, which would lead to the formation of micro and nano-sized features. Linear and nonlinear analyses are performed to investigate the thermally induced pattern formation in shear thinning and shear thickening liquid films. The so-called thin film (TF) equation is re-derived to include viscosity variations using the power-law (PL) model. The characteristic wavelength for the growth of instabilities are found using a linear stability analysis of the PL-TF equation. A finite-difference-based discretization scheme and adaptive time step solver are used to solve the PL-TF equation for nonlinear numerical model. The results show that the rheological property affects the time scale of the process, and the size and final shape of the formed features. The fastest growth pillar reaching the top substrate in a shear thickening fluid is shorter than both the shear thinning and the Newtonian fluid cases. Moreover, morphological changes between patterns of shear thinning and shear thickening fluids are correlated with local viscosity variations. The number of formed pillars considerably increases with the increasing flow behavior index. The existing model also predicts the formation of pillars and bicontinuous structures at very low and high filling ratios.

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Prospects of nanocomposite membranes for water treatment by osmotic-driven membrane processes

Cited by 3 publications

References 122 publications

Polymer-Based Devices and Remediation Strategies for Emerging Contaminants in Water

Polymer-Based Devices and Remediation Strategies for Emerging Contaminants in Water

Nanodiamond-Enabled Thin-Film Nanocomposite Polyamide Membranes for High-Temperature Water Treatment

Thermocapillary patterning of non-Newtonian thin films

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