Prospects of low and zero-carbon renewable fuels in 1.5-degree net zero emission actualisation by 2050: A critical review

Anika, Ogemdi Chinwendu; Nnabuife, Somtochukwu Godfrey; Bello, Abdulrauf; Okoroafor, Rita; Kuang, Boyu; Villa, Raffaella

doi:10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100072

Cited by 80 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Emissions inventories aid our understanding of what measures must be taken to enable governments and the industry to start the road to full decarbonisation in a just and equitable way [27]- [29]. Further, creating effective policies and regulations based on accurate emissions accounting can incentivise the use of energy-efficient technologies, electrification and scalable zeroemission fuels [30] [31]. Additionally, if countries want to meet their ambitious decarbonisation emissions targets, they cannot afford to ignore the role played in GHG emissions by the small boat fleet [32]- [35].…”

Section: B Shipping Sector Small Boat Fleet and Emission Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

Jialeng

Fuente

Smith

2023

Preprint

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Tracking and measuring national carbon footprints is one of the keys to achieving the ambitious goals set by countries. According to statistics, more than 10% of global transportation carbon emissions result from shipping. However, accurate tracking of the emissions of the small boat segment is not well established. Past research has begun to look into the role played by small boat fleets in terms of Greenhouse Gases (GHG), but this either relies on high-level technological and operational assumptions or the installation of Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) sensors to understand how this vessel class behaves. This research is undertaken mainly in relation to fishing and recreational boats. With the advent of open-access satellite imagery and its ever-increasing resolution, it can support innovative methodologies that could eventually lead to the quantification of GHG emissions. This work used deep learning algorithms to detect small boats in three cities in the Gulf of California in Mexico. The work produced a methodology named BoatNet that can detect, measure and classify small boats with leisure boats and fishing boats even under low-resolution and blurry satellite images, achieving an accuracy of 93.9% with a precision of 74.0%. Future work should focus on attributing a boat activity to fuel consumption and operational profile to estimate small boat GHG emissions in any given region. The data curated and produced in this study is freely available at https://github.com/theiresearch/BoatNet.

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Section: B Shipping Sector Small Boat Fleet and Emission Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

Jialeng

Fuente

Smith

2023

Preprint

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“…The Paris Agreement goal is for zero-emission sustainability by capturing carbon footprints from anthropogenic activities . According to the 2020 International Energy Agency report, the world energy transition was carried out using renewables, biofuels, hydrogen, and carbon capture to reduce the pollution from large-scale industries . Several techniques were employed for the separation of CO 2 from flue gas among chemical-based CO 2 capture that hit more attention toward current research workers, and this process is being real practice in developed nations like USA, Europe, China, and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Dielectric Heating-Assisted CO₂ Stripping/Solvent Regeneration of Aqueous Carbon-Rich Monoethanolamine, Piperazine, and 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol Solvents

Palaian Premalalitha,

Balraj

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Global carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions rose by 0.9% to an all-time high of 36.8 Giga tons estimated by the International Energy Agency in 2022. Chemical-based CO 2 absorption is one of the promising techniques where thermal energy is used to strip CO 2 out of the solvents. The main purpose of this study is to regenerate the aqueous carbon-rich solvents, namely, monoethanolamine (MEA), piperazine (PZ), and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) using a microwave (MW) technique. The aim is to understand the MW exposure effects on carbon loading, CO 2 stripping efficiency, stripping rate, cyclic capacity, energy demand, change in the physical properties such as pH, viscosity (μ), density (ρ), and surface tension (σ), and CO 2 stripping kinetics. From the experimental investigation, the maximum stripping efficiency obtained with the higher nominal power input is observed to be 68.62% for MEA, 71.05% for PZ, and 67.74% for AMP. The temperature rise is very prompt within 2 min of MW exposure, where the solution reaches 80−88 °C, and in another 3 min, 92−100 °C was reached, indicating that the highest stripping rate of 7.88 × 10 −4 kg/s was achieved in a short span of 2 min of regeneration for MEA at 30% power input level. AMP exhibits the highest cyclic capacity of 0.42 mol/mol, followed by MEA and PZ, and the corresponding energy consumption was 0.52 MJ/mol CO 2 . Increasing the MW power level has the direct influence on increased CO 2 stripping, and this facilitates decreasing μ, ρ, and σ of the lean solvents. During regeneration, the pH of the lean solvent increases due to CO 2 stripping. The desorption kinetic results revealed that CO 2 stripping is kinetically controlled.

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“…The need for alternative energy storage, transmission, and conversion technologies is urgent in order to meet growing global demands. Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, are playing a vital role in the move toward net zero targets. − However, due to the intermittent nature of these renewable sources, there is a real need for competitive, stationary (grid-scale) energy storage options. Lithium (Li)-ion battery technology represents the most mature and widespread form of electrochemical energy storage with overwhelming adoption in portable electronic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

et al. 2023

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At the core of the aluminum (Al) ion battery is the liquid electrolyte, which governs the underlying chemistry. Optimizing the rheological properties of the electrolyte is critical to advance the state of the art. In the present work, the chloroaluminate electrolyte is made by reacting AlCl3 with a recently reported acetamidinium chloride (Acet-Cl) salt in an effort to make a more performant liquid electrolyte. Using AlCl3:Acet-Cl as a model electrolyte, we build on our previous work, which established a new method for extracting the ionic conductivity from fitting voltammetric data, and in this contribution, we validate the method across a range of measurement parameters in addition to highlighting the model electrolytes’ conductivity relative to current chloroaluminate liquids. Specifically, our method allows the extraction of both the ionic conductivity and voltammetric data from a single, simple, and routine measurement. To bring these results in the context of current methods, we compare our results to two independent standard conductivity measurement techniques. Several different measurement parameters (potential scan rate, potential excursion, temperature, and composition) are examined. We find that our novel method can resolve similar trends in conductivity to conventional methods, but typically, the values are a factor of two higher. The values from our method, on the other hand, agree closely with literature values reported elsewhere. Importantly, having now established the approach for our new method, we discuss the conductivity of AlCl3:Acet-Cl-based formulations. These electrolytes provide a significant improvement (5–10× higher) over electrolytes made from similar Lewis base salts (e.g., urea or acetamide). The Lewis base salt precursors have a low economic cost compared to state-of-the-art imidazolium-based salts and are non-toxic, which is advantageous for scale-up. Overall, this is a noteworthy step at designing cost-effective and performant liquid electrolytes for Al-ion battery applications.

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Prospects of low and zero-carbon renewable fuels in 1.5-degree net zero emission actualisation by 2050: A critical review

Cited by 80 publications

References 68 publications

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

Low-Temperature Dielectric Heating-Assisted CO₂ Stripping/Solvent Regeneration of Aqueous Carbon-Rich Monoethanolamine, Piperazine, and 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol Solvents

Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

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Prospects of low and zero-carbon renewable fuels in 1.5-degree net zero emission actualisation by 2050: A critical review

Cited by 80 publications

References 68 publications

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

BoatNet: Automated Small Boat Composition Detection using Deep Learning on Satellite Imagery

Low-Temperature Dielectric Heating-Assisted CO2 Stripping/Solvent Regeneration of Aqueous Carbon-Rich Monoethanolamine, Piperazine, and 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol Solvents

Measuring and Enhancing the Ionic Conductivity of Chloroaluminate Electrolytes for Al-Ion Batteries

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Low-Temperature Dielectric Heating-Assisted CO₂ Stripping/Solvent Regeneration of Aqueous Carbon-Rich Monoethanolamine, Piperazine, and 2-Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol Solvents