Prospects of development of unmanned ships in Russian Federation

Abstract

The article considers the actuality of crewless shipping. The development of technical means in the marine shipbuilding industry has been pointed out. The statistical data on accidents at sea are given; as a result of the data analysis, there have been identified the main causes 
 of the accidents: non-compliance with generally accepted methods of controlling a vessel, ignoring the specific hydrometeorological parameters of the navigation and mooring areas, non-compliance with safety and technical operation rules, navigation errors, etc. The human factor has been stated to remain the main and most frequent cause of accidents at sea. The types of accidents at sea are considered in detail (damage to ship devices and mechanisms, ship's hull, loss of life, bulk, explosion, fire, loss of a towed object, winding on a screw, grounding, serious bodily harm, collision, loss of stability, buoyancy, collision with a submerged object). The advantages of using a crewless vessel are substantiated, as well as the prospects associated with the introduction of such vessels: reduction in accident rate due to the exclusion of the human factor, lower negative and harmful effects on the environment, increased reliability of transportation due to changes in the structure 
 of vessels, increased economic efficiency due to the uselessness of crew support, etc. There has been given an example of creating a project for the e-Navigation test area executed by Kronstadt in 2016. The test water area includes all e-Navigation coverage areas, combines 13 ports, training centers, over 300 sea vessels, several ship traffic control systems into a single electronic space. Within the framework of the project, developers introduce and test new equipment, conduct training for the crews. The conclusions have been made about possibility for the Russian Federation of accelerating the introduction of new technologies in the global market of shipping companies, increasing competitiveness and reducing dependence on foreign technologies

Численное Исследование Задачи Безопасного Расхождения Групп Морских Автономных Надводных Судов

“…Создание и внедрение беспилотных транспортных средств являются объектами пристального внимания со стороны исследователей и инженеров [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. В настоящее время созданы и активно внедряются в повседневную практику все технические предпосылки для создания морских автономных надводных судов [9,10]. К ним относятся системы спутниковой навигации и электронной картографии, эффективные системы связи, автоматическая идентификационная система (АИС), автоматизированные системы управления судном, современные силовые движительные установки и источники электроэнергии [11].…”