Prospects of Building With Precast and Cast-in-Place Structures for Restoration of Facilities in Ukraine

Abstract

Problem. A large number of construction objects in Ukraine have been damaged or completely destroyed as a result of hostilities that have been ongoing since 24 February 2022. There is an urgent need for rapid reconstruction of the housing sector and infrastructure facilities. Building with precast structures is a way to minimize the time of work, but it is not as reliable as building with cast-in-place structures. The middle ground is the technology of building with precast and cast-in-place structures, which provides the necessary speed and reliability. However, such technology is not often used in Ukraine currently. This is explained by a significant decrease in precast concrete plants and insufficient research on precast and cast-in-place solutions. Therefore, the prospects of the technology of building with precast and cast-in-place structures for the restoration of construction objects are being investigated. Methods. An analysis of publications, a comparison of various technologies, and a review of the practical experience of building a low-rise object with precast and cast-in-place structures in Kharkiv have been carried out. Results. The technology of building with precast and cast-in-place structures is a way to save 10 to 40% of materials compared to other construction systems, reduce unskilled work to a minimum, simplify the quality control process, reduce the share of welded joints, optimize the involvement of highly qualified workers, and maximally mechanize all stages of construction; reduce electricity consumption; minimize the time, reduce the cost of construction by 10 to 30% compared to the existing technologies.Originality. The proposed concept of versatile adaptive designs of building with precast and cast-in-place structures as in the case of a new neighbourhood, which will include a school, a kindergarten, an administrative building, residential buildings with commercial premises for various social needs, and private houses. Practical utility. The prospects of building with precast and cast-in-place structures for restoration of facilities in Ukraine, which should be carried out according to versatile adaptive designs, has been proven. For the implementation of the technology of building with precast and cast-in-place structures, there is a need for further research on organizational and technological reliability, increase in manufacturability, economic efficiency, flexibility of solutions for various facilities and construction conditions