Prospects of Agronomic Improvement in Spring Barley Based on a Comparison of Old and New Germplasm

Schittenhelm, Siegfried; Okeno, J. A.; Friedt, Wolfgang

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1996.tb00474.x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Elsewhere, much of cereal grain yield increases in the past have accrued from increase in harvest index (Donald and Hamblin, 1976; Riggs et al, 1981; Martiniello et al, 1987; Boukerrou and Rasmusson, 1990; Sinclair, 1998). With harvest index approaching its limit, future grain yield increases may result from increase in vegetative biomass (Riggs et al, 1981; Boukerrou and Rasmusson, 1990; Damisch and Wieberg, 1991; Schittenhelm et al, 1996; Okeno, 1999). In Ethiopia, straw is used as a livestock feed and therefore high straw yield without compromising grain yield is an advantage.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Mature plant height and straw yield are correlated positively (Boukerrou and Rasmusson, 1990; Martinez and Foster, 1998), and therefore, taller height may increase grain yield indirectly when positive association between the yield traits exist (Boukerrou and Rasmusson, 1990). In many instances, however, reduction in plant height is associated with progress made in barley breeding for grain yield (Riggs et al, 1981; Martiniello et al, 1987; Boukerrou and Rasmusson, 1990; Schittenhelm et al, 1996; Okeno, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Yield Relationships of Barleys Grown in a Tropical Highland Environment

Sinebo

2002

Crop Science

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The effect of kernel weight on grain yield is either negligible (García del Moral et al., 1991) or inconsistent Grain yield in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) can be improved by (Dofing, 1997). The association of spikes per square understanding the interrelationships among yield, yield components, vegetative growth, and growth durations. The objective of this study meter with kernels per spike is negative (Rasmusson was to determine for barley genotypes adapted to low-input tropical and Cannell, 1970; Hamid and Grafius, 1978; García del highlands the extent to which grain yield was related to: (i) vegetative Moral et al., 1991; Balkema-Boomstra and Masterand mature heights, straw yield, and vegetative and grain-filling durabroek, 1993) but with kernel weight is either positive tions and (ii) yield components determined by correlation and ontoge-(Rasmusson and Cannell, 1970; García del Moral et al., netic path analysis. Data were obtained from 26 barley genotypes 1991) or negative (Hamid and Grafius, 1978; Balkematested in factorial combinations of N (0 and 11.5 g m Ϫ2 ) and P (0 and Boomstra and Masterbroek, 1993). Kernels per spike 2 g m Ϫ2 ) in 1998 and 1999 at Holetta, Ethiopia. Grain yield was and kernel weight are correlated negatively (Grafius, correlated positively with straw yield, vegetative and mature heights, 1978; Hamid and Grafius, 1978; Balkema-Boomstra and and grain-filling duration. Grain yield was correlated positively withMasterbroek, 1993). harvest index and correlated negatively with vegetative duration in the cooler season. Vegetative duration influenced grain yield negativelyLarge dry matter production and its partitioning to under low N and in the cooler season but positively under high N.

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confidence: 99%

Yield Relationships of Barleys Grown in a Tropical Highland Environment

Sinebo

2002

Crop Science

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“…The direction and magnitude of changes in these characteristics were studied using different groups of barleys and by various approaches. The genetic gains obtained by the long term breeding were unambiguous (Schittenhelm et al, 1996;Abeledo et al, 2003;Rajala et al, 2016). Gain from utilizing of limited number of elite parents in crosses was high and improvement was sufficient to encourage continued breeding only within narrow gene pools, even though reduction of genetic variability has been expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

One Century of Interactions Between Intensive Breeding and Genetic Diversity Conservation of Barley

Benková

Hudcovicová

Klčová

et al. 2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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The footprint left by one century of intensive breeding on the phenotype and genotype has been studied in barleys that originated and were developed at the territory of Moravia and south-western Slovakia. The set of barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.) used in retrospective analysis included 106 landraces, obsolete and modern cultivars from the period 1900-2003. The onehundred year breeding effort resulted to crucial changes of agronomic and technological parameters. The number of spikes m -2 , spike density, protein and starch contents were significantly (P<0.05) different in new barleys (developed after the year 1972). Improvement of malting quality was through decreasing of proteins (average annual decline 0.034% year -1 ) and increasing of starch (average annual gain 0.074% year -1 ) in grains. Change in genetic diversity has been studied at 27 microsatellite loci with conclusion that nothing adverse happened at these loci during one century of breeding. The oldest barleys were heterogeneous populations, the modern ones were more homogeneous, and moreover introduction of new germplasm within the breeding process has brought new microsatellite alleles. Both, the total number of alleles and average number of alleles per locus indicated that molecular diversity was not reduced by long-term breeding. However, the average number of alleles per genotype pointed to the existence of genetic erosion caused by the gradual replacement of original landraces and local cultivars by modern cultivars. The index of genetic diversity reflected that reduction of genetic diversity from the thirties to the seventies has been turned by breeders in the eighties of the 20 th century.

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“…, Sadras and Lawson ) as well as in barley (Schittenhelm et al. , Abeledo et al. ), sets up more grain number than old ones and, as a result, there was an increase on the demand for photoassimilates during grain filling (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in line with improvements in the post-anthesis radiation-use efficiency in modern cultivars (Acreche and Slafer 2009). Modern cultivars, in wheat (Shearman et al 2005, Acreche et al 2008b, Sadras and Lawson 2011 as well as in barley (Schittenhelm et al 1996, Abeledo et al 2003, sets up more grain number than old ones and, as a result, there was an increase on the demand for photoassimilates during grain filling (e.g. Reynolds et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Photosynthesis During Grain Filling Under Mediterranean Environments: Are Barley or Traditional Wheat More Efficient Than Modern Wheats?

Abeledo

Savin

Slafer

2014

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Barley is one of the most popular crops in dryland agricultural systems of Mediterranean areas, where it is assumed that barley, or traditional wheat cultivars, performs better than modern wheat under low‐yielding conditions. It was tested whether variations in net leaf photosynthetic rate (PN) during grain filling provide any basis for the potential better performance of barley and traditional wheat compared to modern wheats in Mediterranean areas. Two groups of field experiments were conducted in Agramunt (NE Spain) during 2005/06 (06) and 2006/07 (07) growing seasons combining low and high nitrogen (N) availabilities under rain‐fed and irrigated conditions. Cultivars used in the first group of experiments were a traditional (Anza) and a modern (Soissons) wheat, whilst in a second group of experiments, a wheat (Soissons) and a barley (Sunrise) modern cultivars were used. Both wheat cultivars showed a similar PN during grain filling but higher than that of the modern barley cultivar. Differences between species in PN were maximized under high‐yielding conditions. There were no differences between cultivars in instantaneous water‐use efficiency. The barley cultivar showed a higher specific leaf area, but lower N content per unit of leaf area, than wheat. Photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency was similar between the traditional and the modern cultivar but lower than barley. Decreases in PN after anthesis were not exactly observable in SPAD measurements. In conclusion, we found no consistent differences between cultivars in terms of post‐anthesis photosynthetic activity to support the assumption of better performance under Mediterranean farm conditions of traditional wheat or barley against modern wheat.

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Prospects of Agronomic Improvement in Spring Barley Based on a Comparison of Old and New Germplasm

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Yield Relationships of Barleys Grown in a Tropical Highland Environment

Yield Relationships of Barleys Grown in a Tropical Highland Environment

One Century of Interactions Between Intensive Breeding and Genetic Diversity Conservation of Barley

Leaf Photosynthesis During Grain Filling Under Mediterranean Environments: Are Barley or Traditional Wheat More Efficient Than Modern Wheats?

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