Prospects in China for nuclear development up to 2050

Chen, Yanxin; Martin, Guillaume; Chabert, C.; Eschbach, R.; He, Hui; Guoan, Ye

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2017.11.011

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Deployment of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs) of GEN IV used to be one of the referential perspectives of nuclear power development in France [1] [2]. Some studies of nuclear fuel cycle show that the integration of SFRs can reduce the pressure on the interim storages of spent fuels (SFs) [3] as well as the consumption of natural uranium resources [1] [4], and it is possible to stabilise the plutonium inventories in the cycle [5]. If SFRs are deployed, plutonium (Pu) inventories in the interim storages of SFs will be strategic resources because plutonium is one of the main element of SFR fuels in European design [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of strategy robustness under disruption of objective in dynamic fuel cycle studies

Liang

Ernoult

Doligez

et al. 2021

Annals of Nuclear Energy

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The future of nuclear power depends on the interests and decisions. To take the relevant deep uncertainty into account, a new methodology of robustness analysis of fuel cycle strategies has been developed. The method has been applied to the French cycle, considering the future deployment of fast reactor as the preselected objective and an uncertain change, called disruption, towards a new objective: the minimization of transuranic inventories without fast reactor. The status of plutonium is contradictory in two cases. Two approaches of identifying robust strategies were tested, which correspond respectively to the static and adaptive robustness assessment. One identifies static strategies in a pre-disruption scenario, which achieve acceptable outcomes for both objectives. The other takes a trajectory pursuing the pre-selected objective and, in case of disruption, adapts it for the new objective. The comparison of two approaches indicates the temporality of adaptation relative to immediate actions under the uncertain disruption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of strategy robustness under disruption of objective in dynamic fuel cycle studies

Liang

Ernoult

Doligez

et al. 2021

Annals of Nuclear Energy

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“…Depending on these particularities, a number of the models also consider a more specific context to obtain more accurate results for a specific country. Technological options can be adjusted to better match the needs of a country, as seen in France, the US, Spain, South Korea, and China [7,9,24,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we developed a model that uses the value of all future cash flows over the entire life of an investment discounted to the present, i.e., the net present value (NPV), and the on-off operation switching mode for each facility. To develop the model, we used the MATLAB software, which is able to show the variation in cost over time, and also provide an accurate final cost estimation for nuclear fuel cycle waste management [7,25,26,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Options and Cost Estimates for Spent Nuclear Fuel Management at the Barakah Nuclear Power Plants

Esmail

Cheong

2021

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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In the planning and management of the interim storage of spent nuclear fuel, the technical and economic parameters that are involved have a significant role in increasing the efficiency of the storage system. Optimal parameters will reduce the total economic costs for countries embarking on nuclear energy, such as the UAE. This study evaluated the design performance and economic feasibility of various structures and schedules, to determine an optimal combination of parameters for the management of spent nuclear fuel. With the introduction of various storage technology arrangements and expected costs per unit for the storage system design, we evaluated eight major scenarios, each with a cost analysis based on technological and economic issues. We executed a number of calculations based on the use of these storage technologies, and considered their investment costs. These calculations, which were aligned with the net present value approach and conducted using MS Project and MATLAB software programs, considered the capacities of the spent fuel pools and the amount of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) that will be transferred to dry storage facilities. As soon as they sufficiently cool, the spent nuclear fuel is to be stored in a pool storage facility. The results show that applying a centralized dry storage (CDS) system strategy is not an economically feasible solution, compared with using a permanent disposal facility (PDF) (unless the variable investment cost is reduced or changed). The optimal strategy involves operating a spent fuel pool island (SFPI) storage after the first 20 years of the start of the permanent shutdown of the reactor. After 20 years, the spent fuel is then transferred to a PDF. This strategy also results in a 20.9% to 26.1% reduction in the total cost compared with those of the other strategies. The total cost of the proposed strategy is approximately 4,307 million USD. The duration of the fuel storage and the investment cost, particularly the variable investment cost, directly affect the choice of facility storage.

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“…On the other hand, dynamic models vary the material flows over time, as well as the costs associated to the nuclear fuel cycle. Thus, these types of models add more complexity than the equilibrium models, but they also add more accuracy to the final cost estimation, which is why they are also highly common in international studies, such as by De Roo and Parsons 9,10 or Chen et al 25 Secondly, according to the probabilistic approach, international models can be classified into deterministic and stochastic models. 1 The former models obtain the costs using the best estimation of the unitary costs involved in the nuclear fuel cycle in order to obtain the "most likely" cost for each strategy considered in the analysis, which may be affected by subjectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proper spent nuclear fuel management strategy could enhance the continuity of nuclear power in the Spanish energy mix

Rodríguez‐Penalonga

Moratilla‐Soria

2020

Int J Energy Res

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This article presents two economic analyses performed with the Mariño model, which was specially designed to analyse the costs of different spent nuclear fuel (SNF) management strategies in the real Spanish context. These analyses are: (a) a Monte Carlo study for those strategies and (b) the effects of a longer operational lifetime for the Spanish nuclear power plants (NPPs) on the costs of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) management. For the first analysis, a triangular distribution for the different unitary costs was assumed and the data and assumptions from numerous studies were used to obtain the values required for the distribution. The second analysis was performed for the current official shutdown dates for the NPPs, and the results were compared to other operational lifetime scenarios. The main assumption for these scenarios was a progressive shutdown of the reactors, in order to avoid numerous shutdowns in a few years. These scenarios were proposed for 40 to 60 years of mean operational lifetime of the reactors. The results show that, for all scenarios analysed, the additional electricity production due to longer operational lifetimes compensate the extra costs caused by the larger amount of SNF to be managed. Additionally, for the current SNF management strategy, a progressive shutdown at 40 years of mean operational lifetime has shown to entail lower costs than the official shutdown scenario. However, a strategy without a centralised interim storage facility would be the most economically favourable one for all the scenarios analysed.

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Prospects in China for nuclear development up to 2050

Cited by 29 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of strategy robustness under disruption of objective in dynamic fuel cycle studies

Assessment of strategy robustness under disruption of objective in dynamic fuel cycle studies

Technical Options and Cost Estimates for Spent Nuclear Fuel Management at the Barakah Nuclear Power Plants

A proper spent nuclear fuel management strategy could enhance the continuity of nuclear power in the Spanish energy mix

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