Prospects for using membrane distillation for reprocessing liquid radioactive wastes

Dytnerskii, Yu. I.; Karlin, Yu. V.; Kropotov, B. N.

doi:10.1007/bf00738962

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As a thermal-driven system, MD may have an inherent advantage for radioactive wastewater treatment because nuclear power plants have a large amount of waste heat [103]. From the perspective of treatment performance, the permeate of MD in the radioactive solution treatment can be reused or discharged directly [104][105][106].…”

Section: Radioactive Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Distillation for Wastewater Treatment: A Mini Review

Yan

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2021

Water

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Water serves as an indispensable part of human life and production. On account of the overexploitation of traditional water sources, the demand for wastewater recycling is expanding rapidly. As a promising water treatment process, membrane distillation (MD) has been utilized in various wastewater treatments, such as desalination brine, textile wastewater, radioactive wastewater, and oily wastewater. This review summarized the investigation work applying MD in wastewater treatment, and the performance was comprehensively introduced. Moreover, the obstructions of industrialization, such as membrane fouling, membrane wetting, and high energy consumption, were discussed with the practical investigation. To cope with these problems, various strategies have been adopted to enhance MD performance, including coupling membrane processes and developing membranes with specific surface characteristics. In addition, the significance of nutrient recovery and waste heat utilization was indicated.

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Section: Radioactive Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Distillation for Wastewater Treatment: A Mini Review

Yan

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2021

Water

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“…In concentration by electro-osmosis, the salt content of the brine can reach 250 g/liter but in such apparatus hydrogen or corrosive gases are often the products of electrode reactions. Membrane distillation [4] makes it possible to attain a concentrate with salt content 500 g/liter, but if surfactants are present in the solution than this method rapidly becomes ineffective. The process is characterized by low specific capacity and overgrowth in the capillaries during the concentration process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid radwaste concentration by evaporation from porous plates

Дмитриев¹,

Karlin²,

Maryakhin³

et al. 2009

At Energy

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The possibility of concentrating liquid radwastes by evaporation from the surface of porous plates is examined. It is shown by means of tests of a laboratory setup and an experimental stand that liquid radwastes can be concentrated to salt content 319 g/liter at a temperature far below the evaporation temperature of water and with specific energy consumption 20 times lower that the specific heat of vaporization of water. The results of the tests of the experimental setup with capacity up to 43 kg/h with respect to the evaporated water are described; this setup has been incorporated in the EKO mobile modular water purification complex used at the MosNPO Radon for reprocessing radioactive water from various organizations.When liquid radwastes are purified by, for example, evaporation, membrane separation followed by regeneration, and other methods, secondary wastes which are often represented by liquid concentrates are always formed. It is obvious that their volume must be decreased to a minimum, since the costs of concentrating the wastes and then storing them for a long time are very high. Evaporation of water (thermal or natural) [1,2] or membrane concentration of water impurities [2, 3] are ordinarily used for this purpose.The main drawbacks of thermal evaporation are high complexity and high metal content of the equipment, high specific energy consumption, temperature close to the boiling point of water, and often elevated pressure in the channels of the evaporation apparatus. Natural evaporation requires dry air and large-size equipment (water-cooling towers, ponds, or evaporation vessel). Membrane methods likewise are not devoid of substantial drawbacks. The pressure in reverseosmosis apparatus reaches 8 MPa, and the salt content of the concentrates is rarely greater than 50 g/liter. In concentration by electro-osmosis, the salt content of the brine can reach 250 g/liter but in such apparatus hydrogen or corrosive gases are often the products of electrode reactions. Membrane distillation [4] makes it possible to attain a concentrate with salt content 500 g/liter, but if surfactants are present in the solution than this method rapidly becomes ineffective. The process is characterized by low specific capacity and overgrowth in the capillaries during the concentration process.The objective of the present work was to develop a technology for concentrating liquid radioactive wastes at a temperature much lower than the boiling point of water and a mobile facility for implementing this process. Building and testing the facility were also part of the problem considered in this work.The crux of the technology is that the liquid wastes are fed from above into a press-filter type evaporation chamber assembled from porous, channeled, hydrophyllic plates and air with relative moisture content 100% is passed through the channels formed in the plates (Fig. 1). The radioactive solution flows down along the plates under gravity. In the process, water is continually removed from the solution by evaporation and therefore the r...

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Membrane‐Based Techniques for Nuclear Waste Processing

Pabby

Sonawane

Sastre

2013

Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology

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Membrane methods can be considered as the most energy‐saving separation techniques. Separation abilities of membranes allow the elimination of many noneffective and energy‐consuming methods and their replacement by new, modern technologies that are environment friendly. Application of membrane methods for the treatment of liquid radioactive wastes (LRWs) requires solving many problems connected with the proper selection of the membranes, membrane modules, and other equipment according to local conditions: chemical and radiochemical composition of the effluents treated, their activity, and total salinity. For the past few years, membrane‐based processing of a nuclear plant's radioactive wastes, radioactive liquids in general, is rapidly gaining acceptance within the nuclear industry. Installations working in the nuclear industry have to fulfill very stringent requirements. They ought to be reliable, and constructed from special materials defined by separate regulations. This article focuses on existing information on the application of membrane technology in the nuclear industry and covers recent advances, particularly in the field of LRW processing on pilot and plant scales.

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Prospects for using membrane distillation for reprocessing liquid radioactive wastes

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Membrane Distillation for Wastewater Treatment: A Mini Review

Membrane Distillation for Wastewater Treatment: A Mini Review

Liquid radwaste concentration by evaporation from porous plates

Membrane‐Based Techniques for Nuclear Waste Processing

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