Prospects for the use of multi-component symbiotic systems of the Legumes

Abstract

legume-rhizobial symbiosis (lrs), arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) and associations with Plant growthPromoting bacteria (PgPb) implement nutritional and defensive functions in plant, improve soil fertility, and thus are appropriate to be used for sustainable crop production and soil restoration. based on synergism and evolutional commonality of the symbioses, we propose a multi-component plantmicrobe system with legume plant as a main component. advances obtained from simultaneous inoculation of legumes with various beneficial microbes are summarized. basic principles of legume breeding to improve effectiveness of interaction with a complex of the microbes along with problems and prospects for development of multi-microbial inoculants for legumes (and nonlegumes) are stated.Key words: C Legumes; legumerhizobia symbiosis; arbuscular mycorrhiza; rhizospheric and endophytic plant growth-promoting bacteria; microbial cooperation; plant breeding; symbiotic effectiveness; multi-component microbial inoculants.prospeCts for the use of Multi-CoMponent syMbiotiC systeMs of the leguMes Поступила в редакцию 11.03.2015 Принята к публикации 30.03.2015 IntroductIon Legumes (Fabaceae, Syn. Leguminosae), the key components of modern agricultural technologies, represent unique group of plants able to intimately interact with different rhizosphere microorganisms. They form nitrogen-fixing root nodules with rhizobial bacteria (Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, LRS) (Dilworth et al., 2008), both rhizospheric and endorhizospheric associations with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) (Lugtenberg, 2015; Schulz et al., 2006), and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) with fungi of phylum Glomeromycota (Smith, Read 2008) ( Fig. 1 a-f). These symbioses are beneficial for the host plant and its environment as well. They provide plant with nutrients (predominately nitrogen and phosphorus), protect it from biotic and abiotic stresses and improve soil structure and fertility. In return, the microbial partners acquire the carbon from photosynthates and convenient niches for their life and reproduction. The symbioses are controlled genetically by both plant and microbial partner and have evolutional commonality (Hartmann et al., 2009; Lugtenberg, 2015;Oldroyd, Downie, 2008; Ormeño-Orrillo et al., 2013;Provorov, Shtark, 2014;Sessitsch et al., 2002;Shtark et al., 2010 Shtark et al., , 2012Smith, Read 2008;Sprent, James, 2007).The application of microbial inoculants based on the various beneficial soil bacteria and fungi allows improving the crop productivity and decrease the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. The vast majority of commercial inoculants available at the moment are based on pure cultures of single microorganism, and only occasionally on their combinations, mainly due to the current procedures for governmental registration and certification of inoculants. Moreover, the use of microbial inoculants in legumes is dominated by an application of rhizobial bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen (Gianinazzi, Vosatka, 2004; IJdo et al., 2011; Lugtenb...

Managing plant-environment-symbiont interactions to promote plant performance under low temperature stress

“…Multi-component plant-fungal-bacterial symbiosis has shown higher potential for improving the above mentioned traits, particularly, under stress conditions. Besides, the microorganisms adaptation to stress conditions may be enhanced under the interaction of multiple symbiosis (Shtark et al 2012(Shtark et al , 2015Van Der Heijden et al 2016;Rahimzadeh and Pirzad 2017). Soil and also plant fungal and bacterial diversity either in leaves or roots positively mediate plant biodiversity, productivity, and phenotypic traits (Eisenhauer et al…”

Profiling of Seed Proteome in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Lines Characterized with High and Low Responsivity to Combined Inoculation with Nodule Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

“…Moreover, synergistic effects of colonization with different BSM on legume plants are well characterized. Indeed, triple inoculation (i.e., simultaneous colonization with AM fungi, rhizobia, and PGPB) results in higher biomass and seed yields, compared to inoculation with only one or two BSM [1,9,10,11,12].…”

EVALUATION OF THE SYMBIOTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.) GENOTYPES IN POT EXPERIMENT

“…Legume plants are crops suitable for cultivation within the modern concept of adaptive plant growing that was shown for lentils [8], soya [9], peas [10,11], beans [12,13], chickpeas [14], and other legumes [15][16][17]. The successful use of plant-microbe systems based on legumes requires creation of entirely new cultivars capable of effectively interacting with beneficial soil microorganisms [17,18].…”

“…The successful use of plant-microbe systems based on legumes requires creation of entirely new cultivars capable of effectively interacting with beneficial soil microorganisms [17,18]. One of the methods to achieve the purpose is to mobilize plant genetic resources, i.e.…”

“…It has also been proposed to consider the integral trait of the effectiveness of interactions with beneficial soil microorganisms (EIBSM) [17,22] which is estimated as an increment in a number of economically important parameters (plant biomass, seed number and total weight, as well as weight of 1000 seeds) after applying microbiological preparations as compared to untreated control. Earlier, the field experiments on 25 pea genotypes allowed estimating EIBSM variability and identifying contrast genotypes (highly effective and ineffective when interacting with beneficial soil microorganisms) [10,12].…”