Prospects for the implementation of magneto-optic elements in optoelectronic integrated circuits: a personal perspective

Abstract

A review is performed of the major challenges to the implementation of the non-reciprocal functionality provided by magneto-optics in standard optoelectric or photonic integrated circuits. The polarization dynamics in the presence of an unavoidable, structurally-induced birefringence are discussed by making use of a Hamiltonian approach. Normally, the additional birefringence would place a limitation on the degree of polarization rotation achievable, but solutions based on quasi-phase-matching or the transverse Kerr effect are discussed. It is shown that the magneto-optic response of III–V semiconductors and other common substrate materials is small and some of the approaches to incorporating materials with a larger response are reviewed. Approaches to combining a polarization rotation element with the required polarization selectivity in a planar waveguide is also discussed.

As 2 S 3 /Sr(Ti 0.7 Co 0.3 )O 3 and As 2 S 3 /Sr(Ti 0.6 Fe 0.4 )O 3 strip-loaded waveguides for integrated magneto-optical isolator applications

“…Meanwhile, waveguides with an As 2 Se 3 top layer show the highest FOM in all waveguide dimensions. This result can be interpreted as due to the y x H ∂ term in equation (1). Higher index contrast between the top and bottom cladding yields higher field gradient and NRPS in the STF layer, therefore the FOM is also enhanced.…”

“…To calculate the NRPS in our strip-loaded waveguide, the TM mode profile is firstly simulated by FIMMWAVE software using a wave matching method (WMM). 19 From the mode profile the NRPS can be calculated using equation (1). The insertion loss of the waveguide can be also simulated by considering the confinement factor and optical absorption in the STF layer.…”

Mode Conversion in 2D Magneto Photonic Crystals Made of SiO2/ZrO2Matrix Doped With Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…On the other hand, the use of gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) as a substrate is not commonly used to realize integrated functions based on III-V semiconductors, silica, silicon or polymer [8].…”

Hybrid magneto-optical mode converter made with a magnetic nanoparticles-doped SiO2/ZrO2 layer coated on an ion-exchanged glass waveguide

“…Hybrid magneto-optical mode converter made with a magnetic nanoparticles-doped SiO 2 /ZrO 2 layer coated on an ion-exchanged glass waveguide Hadi Amata, 1 François Royer, 1,a) Fadi Choueikani, 1 Damien Jamon, 1 François Parsy, 2 Jean-Emmanuel Broquin, 2 Sophie Neveu, 3 and Jean Jacques Rousseau 1 This paper describes the possibility to achieve a TE-TM mode conversion in a magneto-optical hybrid waveguide operating at k ¼ 1550 nm. This hybrid device is made by coating a SiO 2 /ZrO 2 layer doped with magnetic nanoparticles on an ion-exchanged glass waveguide.…”

“…Therefore, isolators using these materials cannot be integrated monolithically into planar lightwave circuits because the temperature required for the crystallization of magnetic iron garnet is usually too high (>740 C). 2 To overcome this problem, many studies are currently carried-out to develop magneto-optical materials compatible with existing integrated optics technologies. 3,4 A very interesting approach consisting of using magnetic semiconductors materials to realize nonreciprocal devices integrated on semiconductors substrate has been proposed by Zayets et al 5 Indeed, an isolation ratio of about 25 dB at k ¼ 750 nm has been shown, using a Cd 1Àx Mn x Te layer coated on GaAs substrate.…”