Prospects for Stylosanthes Improvement and Utilization

Edye, LA

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-661680-4.50034-2

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Stylosanthes species are among the most important sources of pasture legumes for tropical and subtropical regions (Edye and Cameron 1984), being also used for soil improvement through nitrogen fixation and for recovery of degraded wastelands (Pathak et al 2004;Kelemu et al 2005;Chandra et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating systems in tropical forages: Stylosanthes capitata Vog. and Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.

et al. 2010

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Stylosanthes capitata and S. guianensis are important forage legumes for tropical areas. The only available estimates of S. capitata and S. guianensis outcrossing rates were based on morphological markers, and the genus is considered as being mainly self-pollinated. Here we describe an estimation of the outcrossing rate in S. capitata and S. guianensis using microsatellite markers. The outcrossing rates were estimated in S. capitata and S. guianensis openpollinated populations of 20 progenies consisting of ten individuals each. The multi locus outcrossing rate for S. capitata was estimated using 10 polymorphic loci, whereas five microsatellites were used for S. guianensis. The multi locus outcrossing rates for S. capitata and S. guianensis were 31 and 26%, respectively, suggesting a mixed mating system with predominance of autogamy. Comparison of single locus and multi locus estimates of outcrossing rates indicated that little inbreeding other than selfing occurred. The estimated Wright's fixation index of the parental generation was lower than expected based on the multi locus outcrossing rate, possibly resulting from the use of some heterozygous breeding genotypes for the study. The data on the outcrossing rate described here are potentially useful for breeding programs and for maintenance of germplasm collections of these Stylosanthes species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating systems in tropical forages: Stylosanthes capitata Vog. and Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.

et al. 2010

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“…Hence, they have been used for soil conservation and improvement through nitrogen fixation, and for recovery of degraded wastelands (Baldión et al 1975;Kelemu et al 2005). Several Stylosanthes species are important pasture legumes in tropical and subtropical regions (Edye and Cameron 1984).…”

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Polymorphic microsatellite loci for Stylosanthes macrocephala Ferr. et Costa, a tropical forage legume

Santos

Sassaki

Ferreira

et al. 2009

Conservation Genet Resour

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Microsatellites were developed for Stylosanthes macrocephala, aiming at developing tools for studying the genetic diversity of this species. A total of 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated from a S. macrocephala enriched genomic library. The isolated microsatellites were characterized in 20 accessions of the S. macrocephala germplasm collection belonging to the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Cerrados. The number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 11, with an average of 4 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.25 and 0.05 to 0.90, respectively. Cross-amplification of the S. macrocephala polymorphic microsatellites was evaluated in three other Stylosanthes species. The microsatellites reported herein are the first set of microsatellite markers developed for S. macrocephala and are potentially useful for further studies on genetic diversity, conservation and breeding of this species.

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“…An agronomic advantage of Stylosantlres over many other ropical legumes is that they can be grown on soils with low levels of available nutrients particularly phosphorus (Edye and Cameron, 1984). Besides, Stylosanthes is efficient in obtaining phosphorus on soils of low phosphorus status (Probert, 1984).…”

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“…This species has shown its potential climatic and edaphic adaptation in the humid and semi arid tropics. It may have a tolerance to water-logged soils, however, may not have a drought tolerance (Edye et al,1984).…”

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Effect of the Chemical Fertilizer and Compost Application on the Biomass of Stylosanthes guianensis var. quianensis on the Barren Land After Mining in Southern Thailand.

Tanpibal¹,

克年

1993

Tropics

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The effect of chemical fertilizer and city compost application was evaluated on the biomass of Stylosanthes guianensis on the barren land after a tin mining at the Mine Area Rehabilitation Station, Takuapa, Phang-nga, Thailand. Clayey materials were added to every plot at the ratio of 300 m3 ha-l to prevent plant from mortality and to enhance the nutrient holding capacity. An optimum biomass yield (5.12 t ha-l), which was lower than the maximum yield (6.15 t ha-l) realized through heavy fertilization, was obtained by the application of city compost (6.25 t ha-l) and chemical fertilizer (1.25 t ha-l). The soil fertility was improved at the end of the experiment, through the cultivation of S. guianensis.The amount of precipitation, soil moisture (at 15 cm in depth) and soil temperature (at 0 and 15 cm in depth) was monitored throughout the experiment. The severe drought and over-wetting conditions reduced the biomass yield of S. guianensis, significantly. The crude fiber and crude protein content in the stems and leaves showed an appropriate amount as food for cattle.It can be concluded that the cultivation of S. guianensis is one of the promising way of agriculture in Takuapa and very good practice to improve the very low native soil fertility, in combination with the incorporation of clayey materials to diminish the water deficiency problem and to increase the nutrient retention capacity.Key Words: barren land after mining/Stylosanthes guianensis /biomass / clay application / city compost Soils at mine areas in Thailand are mainly characterized by their coarse texture. During mining operation, clayey materials are washed out to the river and eventually to the ocean, and only gravel deposits are often left in situ. The resultant land becomes barren, because there are little clay left and lack of moisture content in soils results in a severe drought problem in the dry season (Tanpibal and Sahunalu, 1989). Morphological description of the soil profile in this station was given previously for both original soil and barren soil after mining (Sakurai et al., 1989).The tropical monsoon climate and a high ground water table in the rainy season are the other causes of infertility. Since it brings various amounts of rain throughout the year, every plant is often exposed to severe water stress, i.e., deficiency in the dry season and over wetting due to the stagnation of surface water and high level of ground water in the wet season. As a result, the absence of surface plant cover after the mining operation yields a very high soil temperature that may damage plant roots at the surface layer (Sakurai et ai., The quantitative evaluation of the growth of S. guianensis in relation to the soil treatrnents has a practical significance in Takuapa. Thus, the present paper aims at discussing the following aspects; l) the effectiveness of soil dressings on this barren and abandoned land, i.e., clayey materials, chemical ferttlizer, city compost, and their combination, which are all easily available and not too much expensive ...

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Prospects for Stylosanthes Improvement and Utilization

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Mating systems in tropical forages: Stylosanthes capitata Vog. and Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.

Mating systems in tropical forages: Stylosanthes capitata Vog. and Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.

Polymorphic microsatellite loci for Stylosanthes macrocephala Ferr. et Costa, a tropical forage legume

Effect of the Chemical Fertilizer and Compost Application on the Biomass of Stylosanthes guianensis var. quianensis on the Barren Land After Mining in Southern Thailand.

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