Prospects for Heavy Crude Oil Development

Meyer, Richard F.

doi:10.1177/014459878700500104

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Heavy oils, due to the high content of heavy components (65-70% fraction >350 0 C boiling) exhibit viscous-plastic properties of non-Newtonian oils. Currently, there are no special technologies for the processing of heavy oils, with the exception of some works [39,40], since their processing is limited by the problems of oil transport in pipes, pumps, heat exchangers, and other equipment. The viscosity of heavy oils, which determines their fluidity, depends on the content of asphalt-resinous substances, paraffins, water-in-oil, and other factors [41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Practical Ways To Improve Rheological Properties At Heavy Oi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of Heavy Oils

Kelbaliyev¹,

Тагиев²,

Manafov³

2023

Topics on Oil and Gas

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The problems of heavy oil rheology, accompanied by physical phenomena of the formation and destruction of coagulation disordered structures and aggregates as a result of the hydrodynamic interaction of particles (asphaltenes, paraffins, resins, and solid-phase particles) contained in the oil, which significantly affect its properties and flow, are considered and analyzed. Rheological models of viscous-plastic heavy oils are considered and developed, consistent with a variety of experimental data. New rheological models for viscous-plastic heavy oils are proposed, which make it possible to generalize many existing models. It is noted that the variety of rheological models for heavy oils is determined by the conditions for the formation of disordered structures in the bulk of the oil flow. For heavy oils, a nonlinear equation for filtration in porous media is proposed, depending on the shear stress, pressure gradient, effective viscosity of the oil, and a number of other parameters. An analytical solution to this equation is proposed, which is consistent with the experimental data. Models for the settling rate and drag coefficient of particles in heavy oils are proposed. Applied problems of rheology aimed at improving the rheological properties of heavy oil during their processing as a result of creating a recirculation scheme at an operating oil refining unit are considered.

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Section: Practical Ways To Improve Rheological Properties At Heavy Oi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of Heavy Oils

Kelbaliyev¹,

Тагиев²,

Manafov³

2023

Topics on Oil and Gas

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“…Briggs and others (1988) include bitumen with heavy oil which is then defined as any oil more viscous than 100 cP. Refiners define heavy oil as any oil which will yield 15 percent residuum at a temperature of 1,010 °F (National Petroleum Council, 1980;Meyer, 1987). Another type of classification (Hunt, 1979) is based on the fact that bitumens are soluble in carbon disulfide, whereas pyrobitumens are neither soluble nor fusible.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The petroleum system; status of research and methods, 1990

Magoon¹

1989

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A petroleum system encompasses a hydrocarbon source rock and all generated oil and gas accumulations and includes all the geologic elements and processes that are essential if an oil and gas deposit is to exist. Petroleum includes concentrated occurrences of any of the following substances: thermal and microbial natural gas found in conventional reservoirs as well as in gas hydrate, tight sandstone, fractured shale, and coal; and condensates, crude oils, heavy oils, and solid bitumen found in reservoirs in siliciclastic and carbonate rocks. System describes the interdependent geologic elements that create oil and gas accumulations. These elements include a petroleum source rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap; and the geologic processes that create each of these basic elements. All these elements must be correctly placed in time and space so that organic matter included in a source rock can be converted into a petroleum deposit. A petroleum system exists wherever all the basic elements are known to occur or are thought to occur.Characteristics and Limits.-The stratigraphic, areal, and temporal extent of the petroleum system is specific. Stratigraphically, the system includes the following rock units: a petroleum source rock, rocks through which migration has occurred, a sealed reservoir rock (trap), and the rock overburden (time and temperature) required for maturity. The areal extent of the petroleum system is defined by a line that circumscribes the mature source rock and all oil and gas deposits, conventional and unconventional, originating from that source. Since microbial gas originates from immature source rocks, the gas deposits themselves or the geologic setting defines the extent of the system.The events of a petroleum system are defined by two periods of geologic time, the duration time and the preservation time. The duration is the time required to form a petroleum system. If the source rock is the first or oldest unit deposited and the overburden necessary to mature the source rock is the last or youngest element, then the age difference between the oldest and youngest element is the duration of the petroleum system. For example, a Devonian source rock (380-390 Ma) is buried by Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks (250-290 Ma) to maximum depth in the Late Permian(250 Ma); expulsion (primary migration) of hydrocarbons occurs during the Permian (250-275 Ma). These hydrocarbons migrate (secondary) and accumulate in reservoirs of Pennsylvanian age (300-315 Ma) and in traps that formed in the Late Pennsylvanian and Early Permian time (270-290 Ma). The duration of this petroleum system is 140 million years.Preservation time starts after migration (secondary) and accumulation are complete. If little or no tectonic activity occurs during the preservation time, accumulations will remain in their original position. Remigration (tertiary) happens during the preservation time if folding, faulting, uplift, or erosion occur. If all accumulations are destroyed during the preservation time, no record of th...

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“…Nevertheless, there are various definitions for heavy oil; the upper limit for it is set at 22 • API, and a viscosity of 100 cP. At that level, EHO is usually a portion of heavy oil with 14-10 • API (972-1000 kg/m 3 ), and rock oil has less than 10 • API (1000 kg/m 3 ) [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Study of In Situ Combustion for Enhanced Oil Recovery

et al. 2023

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Global estimates for our remaining capacity to exploit developed oil fields indicate that the currently recoverable oil (light oil) will last for approximately 50 years. This necessitates the development of viscous and superviscous oil fields, which will further compensate for the loss of easily produced oil. In situ combustion is the most promising production method, which allows for increased oil recovery from a reservoir. This being the case, this study provides an overview of global trends regarding the research and implementation of the method under consideration, in order to promote understanding of its applicability and effectiveness. The background to the development of the method is discussed in detail, illustrating the growing interest of researchers in its study. Cases of both successful as well as inefficient implementations of this method in real oil fields are considered. The main focus of the article is to investigate the influence of the parent rock and catalysts on the combustion process, as this is a new and actively developing area in the study of enhanced oil recovery using in situ combustion. Geological surveys, in addition to experimental and numerical studies, are considered to be the main methods that are used to investigate processes during in situ combustion. The analysis that we carried out led us to understand that the processes which occur during the combustion of heavy oil are practically unpredictable and, therefore, poorly understood. The specificity of the oil composition under consideration depends on the field, which can lead to a change in the required temperature regimes for its production. This indicates that there exists multiple specific applications for the method under consideration, each requiring additional full studies into both the fractional composition of oil and its reservoirs. The article also considers various technologies for implementing the in situ combustion method, such as ND-ISC, THAITM, COSH, CAGD, and SAGD. However, the literature review has shown that none of the technologies presented is widely used, due to the lack of an evidence base for their successful application in the field. Moreover, it should be noted that this method has no limits associated with the oil occurrence depth. This technology can be implemented in thin reservoirs, as well as in flooded, clayey, sandy, and carbonate reservoirs. The review we have presented can be considered as a guide for further research into the development of global solutions for using the proposed method.

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Prospects for Heavy Crude Oil Development

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Rheology of Heavy Oils

Rheology of Heavy Oils

The petroleum system; status of research and methods, 1990

Recent Advances in the Study of In Situ Combustion for Enhanced Oil Recovery

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