Prospects for electron spin-dependent short-range force experiments with rare earth iron garnet test masses

Leslie, Trevor M.; Weisman, Evan; Khatiwada, R.; Long, J.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.114022

Cited by 47 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The limit from the dark photon [56] can provide the constraints for V 15 shown in Fig. 4, which is only dominated by the square of the vector coupling of electrons [14]. This relation can be derived by comparing the Eq.…”

Section: −18mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we only theoretically calculated the spin-dependent interactions between the polarized electrons in the vapor cell and the unpolarized nucleons in the BGO test mass. For a polarized mass, Dy 20 spins/cm 3 and zero magnetization at the critical temperature T c = 226 K, which has been previously investigated [14]. Another choice is terbium iron garnet (TbIG) for its higher critical temperature, T c = 266 K, while the spin density is reduced by a factor of two [14].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[14] for details on the coupling strength). Some of these interactions are not invariant under parityinversion (P ) or time-reversal (T ) symmetries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possible exotic spin-dependent interactions between polarized and unpolarized particles are (in SI units, adopting the numbering scheme in [12] and [14]):…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Only several experiments recently reported progress: [37] (measurements in the geomagnetic field), [38] (the spin-exchange interaction studies), [39,40] (experiments with the beam of polarized cold neutrons), and [41] (spin relaxation studies). Furthermore, only a few new methods for polarized electrons have been proposed: the experiments with rare earth iron test masses [14] and paramagnetic insulators [42].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

2016

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We propose a novel experimental approach to explore exotic spin-dependent interactions using a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer, the most sensitive non-cryogenic magneticfield sensor. This approach studies the interactions between optically polarized electron spins located inside a vapor cell of the SERF magnetometer and unpolarized or polarized particles of external solid-state objects. The coupling of spin-dependent interactions to the polarized electron spins of the magnetometer induces the tilt of the electron spins, which can be detected with high sensitivity by a probe laser beam similarly as an external magnetic field. We estimate that by moving unpolarized or polarized objects next to the SERF Rb vapor cell, the experimental limit to the spin-dependent interactions can be significantly improved over existing experiments, and new limits on the coupling strengths can be set in the interaction range below 10 −2 m.Recently, exotic spin-dependent interactions, predicted by string theories and many theoretical extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics [1][2][3], have attracted much attention in the community of physicists. Such theories are associated with the spontaneous breaking of continuous symmetries, leading to massless or very light Nambu-Goldston bosons [4][5][6], such as the axion [7], and axion-like-particles (ALPs) [2,8], which are candidates for cold dark matter [9,10]. These exotic particles are bosons and can weakly couple with ordinary particles, such as leptons or baryons. Moody and Wilczek [11] first proposed three possible types of interactions between polarized and unpolarized particles, which were later expanded by Dobrescu and Mocioiu [12] with the inclusion of the terms dependent on the relative velocity between the two interacting particles. A general classification of the interactions between particles contains sixteen types of structure of operators: fifteen of them depend on the spin of at least one of the particles and seven depend on the relative velocity of the particles. In this paper, we show a new experimental method to explore all the fifteen exotic spin-dependent interactions.The possible exotic spin-dependent interactions between polarized and unpolarized particles are (in SI units, where m p is the mass of the polarized particles,σ i is the spin vector of the i th polarized particle while σ i = σ i /2, is Planck's constant,r = r/r is a unit vector in the direction between the polarized and unpolarized particles, v is their relative velocity, c is the speed of light in vacuum, and λ is the interaction range.There are nine interactions between two polarized particles, three of which are not dependent of the relative velocity of the particles v,

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Section: −18mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] for details on the coupling strength). Some of these interactions are not invariant under parityinversion (P ) or time-reversal (T ) symmetries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possible exotic spin-dependent interactions between polarized and unpolarized particles are (in SI units, adopting the numbering scheme in [12] and [14]):…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

2016

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Physical signatures of fermion-coupled axion dark matter

Berlin,

Millar,

Trickle

et al. 2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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In the presence of axion dark matter, fermion spins experience an “axion wind” torque and an “axioelectric” force. We investigate new experimental probes of these effects and find that magnetized analogs of multilayer dielectric haloscopes can explore orders of magnitude of new parameter space for the axion-electron coupling. We also revisit the calculation of axion absorption into in-medium excitations, showing that axioelectric absorption is screened in spin-polarized targets, and axion wind absorption can be characterized in terms of a magnetic energy loss function. Finally, our detailed theoretical treatment allows us to critically examine recent claims in the literature. We find that axioelectric corrections to electronic energy levels are smaller than previously estimated and that the purported electron electric dipole moment due to a constant axion field is entirely spurious.

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Probing new physics with long-range neutrino interactions: an effective field theory approach

Bolton

Deppisch

Hati

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We investigate forces induced by the exchange of two light neutrinos between Standard Model (SM) fermions in the presence of effective operators parametrising physics beyond the SM. We first set up a general framework in which we derive the long-range potential mediated by weakly interacting neutrinos in the SM, retaining both spin-independent and spin-dependent terms. We then derive neutrino-mediated potentials when there are vector, scalar and tensor non-standard interactions present as well as an exotic neutrino magnetic moment. Examining the phenomenology of such long-range potentials in atomic scale laboratory experiments, we derive upper bounds on the Wilson coefficients of the effective operators and compare these to those from processes such as charged lepton flavour violation.

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Prospects for electron spin-dependent short-range force experiments with rare earth iron garnet test masses

Cited by 47 publications

References 50 publications

Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

Physical signatures of fermion-coupled axion dark matter

Probing new physics with long-range neutrino interactions: an effective field theory approach

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