Prospects and Technical Challenges in Hydrogen Production through Dry Reforming of Methane

Abstract

Environmental issues related to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions have pushed the development of new technologies that will allow the economic production of low-carbon energy vectors, such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4) and liquid fuels. Dry reforming of methane (DRM) has gained increased attention since it uses CH4 and carbon dioxide (CO2), which are two main greenhouse gases (GHG), as feedstock for the production of syngas, which is a mixture of H2 and carbon monoxide (CO) and can be used as a building block for the production of fuels. Since H2 has been identified as a key enabler of the energy transition, a lot of studies have aimed to benefit from the environmental advantages of DRM and to use it as a pathway for a sustainable H2 production. However, there are several challenges related to this process and to its use for H2 production, such as catalyst deactivation and the low H2/CO ratio of the syngas produced, which is usually below 1.0. This paper presents the recent advances in the catalyst development for H2 production via DRM, the processes that could be combined with DRM to overcome these challenges and the current industrial processes using DRM. The objective is to assess in which conditions DRM could be used for H2 production and the gaps in literature data preventing better evaluation of the environmental and economic potential of this process.

Plasma Catalysis for Hydrogen Production: A Bright Future for Decarbonization

“…Compared to SMR and POX, dry reforming of methane (DRM, eq ) presents a viable pathway capable of achieving low-carbon H 2 initiatives . DRM can utilize CO 2 and CH 4 from a diverse slate of feedstocks like shale gas, biogas, and landfill gas to form syngas.…”

“…Consequently, high feed flow rates are necessary to maintain the arc evolution and discharge stability during the GA discharge. However, the primary challenges in conventional GA reactors involve addressing the low gas conversions caused by the short residence time of the reactants and electrode deterioration due to the carbon deposition on the electrode surface. , Various studies have reported rotating gliding arcs (RGAs) to address these issues.…”

Interfacial Metal–Support Interaction and Catalytic Performance of Perovskite LaCrO3-Supported Ru Catalyst

“…Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is highly attractive because it converts methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), two of the most important greenhouse gases, into syngas (H 2 + CO), which can be used as the feedstock for the synthesis of value-added chemicals, for example, long-chain hydrocarbon. − DRM is a strong endothermic reaction, which needs to be carried out at high temperatures (typically between 550 and 1000 °C). − Side reactions, such as methane cracking and CO disproportion, are considered the main pathways for carbon formation. , Thus, the catalysts used for DRM should be thermostable and anticoking.…”

“…4−6 Side reactions, such as methane cracking and CO disproportion, are considered the main pathways for carbon formation. 5,6 Thus, the catalysts used for DRM should be thermostable and anticoking.…”

The Role of Fe in Ni-Fe/TiO2 Catalysts for the Dry Reforming of Methane

“…The dry reforming of methane (DRM) plays an important role in sustainability because it can convert two major greenhouse gases through one single reaction, CH 4 + CO 2 → 2CO + 2H 2 [1][2][3]. The mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide produced through this reaction can be further transformed into fuels and chemicals through the Fischer-Tropsch reaction [4,5].…”