Prospects and Problems of Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Rice Production: A Critical Assessment

Ladha, J. K.; Tirol‐Padre, Agnes; Reddy, K. Pavan Chandra; Ventura, W.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2416-6_56

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These results clearly indicate the association of higher nitrogen-Ðxing activity in the rhizosphere of rice cultivar with high apparent recovery of applied N. On the other hand, at higher application rates, though the nitrogenase activity per se was stimulated, the di †erences with regard to nitrogen-Ðxing activity among the cultivars appeared to be marginal. Many researchers reported that rice varieties di †ered with respect to nitrogen Ðxation when grown under uniform Ðeld situations (Hirota et al 1978 ;Ladha et al 1986Ladha et al , 1993Patnaik et al 1994). Also, varieties di †ered in their inherent N-uptake abilities both from the soil N as well as applied N.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varieties with higher N uptake abilities have been identiÐed from the breeding programmes. Similarly, varieties with better N use efficiency are considered potential high yielders (Ladha et al 1993). N supply through biological means is of great signiÐcance in view of the acute shortages and escalating prices of the fertiliser N, particularly under tropical rice cultivation situations (Charyulu et al 1981 ;Rao et al 1987 ;Sethunathan et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogenase Activity and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Associated with Rhizosphere of Rice Cultivars with Varying N Absorption Efficiency

Kanungo

Panda

Adhya

et al. 1997

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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In a field investigation, nitrogenase activity and nitrogen‐fixing bacteria associated with rhizosphere of rice cultivars with varying N absorption efficiencies were examined at three N‐fertiliser regimes. A significant difference among the cultivars with regard to the nitrogenase activity of rhizosphere bacteria was observed. Under no or low (30 kg N ha‐1) fertiliser application, the cultivar with high boot leaf‐N and high apparent N recovery had a higher nitrogenase activity. At 60 kg N ha‐1 fertiliser application, though the nitrogenase activity was stimulated, the differences with regard to nitrogenase activity among the cultivars were not significant. Microbiological analysis indicated that the cultivar with high N absorption efficiency harboured higher populations of nitrogen‐fixing Azospirillum sp, Azotobacter sp and anaerobic bacteria. Under 60 kg N ha‐1 fertiliser application, the rhizosphere of both cultivars, which differed in their N use pattern, harboured almost identical population densities of nitrogen‐fixing bacteria. Interestingly, the anaerobic nitrogen‐fixing bacteria were greatly stimulated following the application of fertiliser. Notwithstanding the effect of N fertiliser management on N2 fixation, N absorption efficiency of rice crop and the rhizosphere associated nitrogenase activity and nitrogen‐fixing bacteria were found to be interrelated. Further investigations are required to evaluate the exact relationships including higher number of cultivars. © 1997 SCI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogenase Activity and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Associated with Rhizosphere of Rice Cultivars with Varying N Absorption Efficiency

Kanungo

Panda

Adhya

et al. 1997

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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“…The more general question could also be raised whether one actually needs Fig. nodules or nodule-like structures on cereal roots to achieve symbiotic/endophytic nitrogen fixation (see also Kennedy and Tchan, 1992;Ladha et al, 1993). Rice roots grown in China and containing dark "nodule-like structures" as previously described (Li et al, 1991).…”

Section: Nodulation Of Cereals: What Has Been Tried What Has Been Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential and pitfalls of trying to extend symbiotic interactions of nitrogen-fixing organisms to presently non-nodulated plants, such as rice

1995

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IntroductionPlant-microbe signalling, nodulation, and symbiotic nitrogen fixationThe oxygen paradox and other potential problems related to microbial nitrogen fixation in novel physiological environments Nodulation of cereals: What has been tried, what has been published, and is nodulation really necessary to achieve useful levels of nitrogen fixation Induction of hypertrophies on rice roots and their colonization by microbes Materials and methods Induction and microscopic examination of "nodule-like" structures on rice roots Molecular methods for strain identification Results and discussion Abnormal structures on rice roots grown in China Abnormal structures on rice roots grown at Michigan State University Acknowledgements References AbstractIt has been a long-standing goal in the field of biological nitrogen fixation to extend nitrogen-fixing symbioses to presently non-nodulated cereal plants, such as rice. A number of researchers have recently described the induction of "nodule-like" structures on the roots of cereals primarily by rhizobia, in either the presence or absence of plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes or plant hormones. We briefly review this research and discuss the potential problems associated with the introduction of nitrogen-fixing microbes in novel physiological environments, such as rice roots. The results of experiments carried out in China on the induction of "nodule-like" structures on rice roots by rhizobia are highlighted. In addition, we present preliminary results of a series of experiments designed to repeat and evaluate these results using a variety of microscopic techniques and molecular genetic approaches.

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“…Increased interest in nitrogen fixing bacteria associated with cereals such as rice, wheat and maize has been shown in recent times to reduce the use of expensive mineral fertilizers in cereal production. One of the reasons for the success recorded with nitrogen fixation independent of nodule formation in rice studies is the observation that nitrogen status of rainfed and irrigated lowland soils under rice cultivation has increased due to the activities of nitrogen fixing bacteria which survived under such condition evident with increased growth and population of beneficial microbes [14,15]. Inoculation and improvement of cereals through nitrogen fixing bacteria have been observed in various field studies [16,3,4,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Response of African Rice Genotypes to Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium Inoculation

Oladele

Awodun

Odiyi

2019

IJPSS

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Aims: A short term field study was conducted to investigate the yield performance of selected African rice genotypes inoculated with biofertilizers. Study Design: A randomized complete block design laid out in a split-plot arrangement was used to evaluate response of yield components and grain yield of some selected African rice genotypes will be to mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium inoculation. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Federal university of technology, Akure Ondo state, Nigeria during the 2013 planting season. Methodology: The study was laid out in a split plot arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium inoculation and control in the main plot, while genotypes (N-U-1, N-U-8, WAB 56-104, OFADA GR and MOROBEREKAN) were in the sub-plot and treatments were replicated thrice. There were three main blocks, each block consist of 15 sub-plots with a size measurement of 2m x 1m and inter sub-plot spacing of 0.5m in between plots. A total of 50 plants were raised per sub plot. Transplanted seedlings were planted with the soil slurry containing rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi inoculum into planting holes in the field at two seedlings per stand, according to their respective plot at a spacing of 25cm x 25cm. Yield component data collected include; number of days to 90% maturity, number of days to 50% flowering; plant height at maturity, number of primary tillers per plot, number of grains per panicle, number of panicles, number of filled and unfilled spikelet, weight of 1000 filled grains and grain yield per plot. Results: Result showed significant (P<0.05) single and interactive effect of rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on rice yield and yield components. 61.4% increase in grain yield was observed in rhizobium inoculated genotypes when compared to 37.4% increase in mycorrhized genotypes and the un-inoculated control. WAB56–104 and N-U-8 had the best interactive response amongst genotypes inoculated with rhizobium while genotypes WAB56-104 and MOROBEREKAN responded better amongst mycorrhized genotypes in relation to yield components. Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that African rice genotypes differ in grain yield response and host specifity when inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium inoculums. However, inoculating specific African rice genotypes with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium can positively influence their grain yield and yield component development and this could play an important role in improving African rice productivity.

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Prospects and Problems of Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Rice Production: A Critical Assessment

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Nitrogenase Activity and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Associated with Rhizosphere of Rice Cultivars with Varying N Absorption Efficiency

Nitrogenase Activity and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Associated with Rhizosphere of Rice Cultivars with Varying N Absorption Efficiency

Potential and pitfalls of trying to extend symbiotic interactions of nitrogen-fixing organisms to presently non-nodulated plants, such as rice

Yield Response of African Rice Genotypes to Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium Inoculation

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