Prospects and limits of a phytolith key for grasses in the central United States

Brown, Dwight A.

doi:10.1016/0305-4403(84)90016-5

Cited by 253 publications

(171 citation statements)

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“…Having summarized our results regarding morphotype frequency, we supported the conclusion of Brown [4] and Marx et al [41]. They argued that interspecific variations of phytolith morphotypes can be observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…It is interesting to note that the cross-shaped and saddle-shaped forms were absent in the examined Poa shoots, similarly to Brown's results [4], and at the same time lobated phytoliths were not found, unlike in Poa alpina epidermis where this type is dominant [37]. Only a few prickles (unicellular trichomes), and especially the peak of them could be observed, because long, multicellular trichomes are not typical in this species [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Several studies link phytolith morphotypes to plant families and subfamilies (in Poaceae) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. In addition, it has been shown that there is a correlation between phytolith morphotypes and the C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways and this allows the reconstruction of plant communities and climate through time [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

et al. 2015

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The taxonomic value of phytolith assemblages and their degree of variability within different species of the same genus is still an undervalued issue in the botanical range of phytolith studies. However the understanding of grass phytolith variance and its implications to plant systematics is doubtless.In the present study phytoliths of the lateral shoots (leaves) of nine, globally distributed Poa species (Pooideae -Poaceae) are described. Phytoliths were recovered from Poa specimens by the dry ashing technique. Altogether 6223 disarticulated phytoliths were counted (approximately 500-700 phytoliths per species) in 54 plant samples, which cover six shoots of nine species. Not only the relative frequency of each morphotype was calculated, but measurements were conducted to determine the biogenic silica content of Poa lateral shoots. A phytolith reference collection for the nine selected species of a worldwide importance was also compiled. The description of the most significant phytolith morphotypes and their taxonomic relationships are given here.Results suggest that the biogenic silica content of the Poa lateral shoots was determined to be relatively high within all nine species. Phytolith assemblage data was subjected to multivariate statistical analyses (e.g., CA and PCA) in order to find differences and similarities among the nine Poa species. Results show that the two closely related Poa of the P. pratensis species group, namely the P. pratensis and P. angustifolia, only slightly differ from the other Poa species if we consider their rondel-trapeziform short cells (SC) phytolith frequencies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

et al. 2015

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“…It is interesting to note that similar to the results in Brown (1984b), cross-shaped and saddle-shaped forms were absent in the examined Poa pratensis shoots. Only a few prickles (unicellular trichomes), and especially their peaks, could be observed, because long, multicellular trichomes are not typical in this species (Metcalfe, 1960).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Phytolith analysis of Poa pratensis (Poaceae) leaves

Lisztes‐Szabó¹,

Kovács

Pető³

2014

Turk J Bot

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Phytoliths in Poa pratensis L. (Poaceae) leaf blades and sheaths are described in this study. The role of plant opal particlesknown as phytoliths-is considerable in taxonomical studies, and their long-term preservation in sediments makes them a useful tool in the reconstruction of ancient plant communities and plant-human interactions. All together, 2244 phytoliths were counted and analyzed in 25 plant samples (5 shoots of 5 specimens and approximately 500-600 phytoliths per specimen). The biogenic silica content of P. pratensis leaves was determined at 2.61%, and 27 morphotypes have been described using the International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature. Two morphotypes are described for the first time in this study. Long cells (elongate psilate and sinuate morphotypes) and short cells (rondel-trapeziform elongated and rounded morphotypes) are frequently present in this species. Differences in morphotype frequency and significant differences in a few simple morphometric data (length, width, height) of long cells and short cells were found among specimens, which suggests that these features vary depending on environmental factors and the maturity of leaf tissues.

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“…An inherent problem with this method is that phytolith workers differ widely in how finely they subdivide the morphological spectrum encountered in phytolith assemblages in plants or in soil samples, and also in which morphotypes they count. Some authors consider only a very low number of morphotype classes for vegetation inference (e.g., 7 in Alexandre et al, 1997); others subdivide all, or certain, morphotypes into a large number of classes (e.g.. Brown, 1984;Camelli et al, 2004).…”

Section: Concerns For Determining Adequate Count Size In Phytolith Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological concerns for analysis of phytolith assemblages: Does count size matter?

Strömberg

2009

Quaternary International

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Prospects and limits of a phytolith key for grasses in the central United States

Cited by 253 publications

References 1 publication

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

Quantifiable differences between phytolith assemblages detected at species level: analysis of the leaves of nine Poa species (Poaceae)

Phytolith analysis of Poa pratensis (Poaceae) leaves

Methodological concerns for analysis of phytolith assemblages: Does count size matter?

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